ArticlePloS one2018
Characterization of biodegradation in a 17th century easel painting and potential for a biological approach.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Degradation of Synthetic Restoration Materials by Xerotolerant/Xerophilic Fungi Contaminating Canvas Paintings.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characterization by Spectroscopic and Microscopic Techniques of Degraded Zinc White Pigment inACS omega · 2025Article
- Fungal biodeterioration and preservation of cultural heritage, artwork, and historical artifacts: extremophily and adaptation.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- Degradation Potential of Xerophilic and Xerotolerant Fungi Contaminating Historic Canvas Paintings.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Current Insights in Fungal Importance-A Comprehensive Review.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Multidisciplinary approach to the study of large-format oil paintings.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Xerophilic fungi contaminating historically valuable easel paintings from Slovenia.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- New frontiers review of some recent conservation techniques of organic and inorganic archaeological artefacts against microbial deterioration.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Life on the wall: the diversity and activity of microbes on 13th - century AD. Lan Na mural painting.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- The Application of Chitosan for Protection of Cultural Heritage Objects of the 15-16th Centuries in the State Tretyakov Gallery.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Diversity and Metabolic Activity of Fungi Causing Biodeterioration of Canvas Paintings.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Evaluation of microbiological air parameters and the fungal community involved in the potential risks of biodeterioration in a cultural heritage of humanity, Ouro Preto, Brazil.Folia microbiologica · 2021Article
- Dry biocleaning of artwork: an innovative methodology for Cultural Heritage recovery?Microbial cell (Graz, Austria) · 2021Article
- The Bad and the Good-Microorganisms in Cultural Heritage Environments-An Update on Biodeterioration and Biotreatment Approaches.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Control of Cultural Heritage Microbial Deterioration.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Art-omics: multi-omics meet archaeology and art conservation.Microbial biotechnology · 2020Review
- Fighting AMR in the Healthcare Environment: Microbiome-Based Sanitation Approaches and Monitoring Tools.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is important to characterize the microorganisms involved in biodeterioration processes to understand their effects on cultural assets and to define an efficient strategy for protecting artworks, monuments, and buildings from microbiological recolonization. In this study, we analyzed the microbial communities dwelling on the verso (front) and recto (back) sides of a 17th century easel painting attributed to Carlo Bononi, an Italian artist of the first Baroque period. Cultivable bacteria and fungi colonizing the painting were isolated and identified in order to characterize the microbial community possibly involved in deteriorating the pictorial layer of the painting. The isolated bacterial strains belonged to the Staphylococcus and Bacillus genera. Furthermore, culture-dependent techniques and SEM/EDS analyses revealed the presence of filamentous fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Cladosporium, and Alternaria. The chemical compositions of pigments were consistent with typical 17th century paintings, and some of the identified pigments, namely red lac and red and yellow earths, could be exploited as nutrient sources by painting-associated microorganisms. The study also evaluated, in vitro, the potential decontaminating activity of a biocompound, containing spores of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus, and Bacillus megaterium. The results indicated the ability of this biocompound to counteract the growth of contaminating microorganisms that are potentially dangerous to the painting, suggesting the potential use of these microorganisms to prevent biodeterioration of artworks.
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