ArticlePublic health nutrition2019
Comparison of national cross-sectional breast-feeding surveys by maternal education in Europe (2006-2016).
Article in Public health nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.
- Breastfeeding knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy among mothers with infant and young child in rural Ethiopia.PloS one · 2022Trial
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- The association between early-life nutrition and palatine tonsil grading in preschool children: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- How stable isotopes can advance nutrition assessments to inform sustainable food systems.The British journal of nutrition · 2025Review
- Maternal and Infant Characteristics and Pumping Profiles of Women That Predominantly Pump Milk for Their Infants.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding and workplace support in Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Inequalities in large-scale breastfeeding programmes in Bangladesh, Burkina Faso and Vietnam.Maternal & child nutrition · 2024Article
- Maternal Breast Growth and Body Mass Index Are Associated with Low Milk Production in Women.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Maternal employment characteristics as a structural social determinant of breastfeeding after return to work in the European Region: a scoping review.International breastfeeding journal · 2024Article
- Article
- Mothers' Attitudes Towards Breastfeeding in Terms of Health Safety and Professional Lactation Education: A National Survey of Women.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023Article
- Article
- The use of hydrolyzed formulas as a method of correction of feeding and clinical rehabilitation of infants with atopy signs.Journal of medicine and life · 2022Article
- Neighborhood Disadvantage, Greenness, and Population Density as Predictors of Breastfeeding Practices: A Population Cohort Study from Finland.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Observational
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- Influence of Health Literacy on Maintenance of Exclusive Breastfeeding at 6 Months Postpartum: A Multicentre Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Factors Associated with (Exclusive) Breastfeeding Duration-Results of the SUKIE-Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Determinants and Factors Associated with the Maintenance of Exclusive Breastfeeding after Hospital Discharge after Birth.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The Attitudes of Polish Women towards Breastfeeding Based on the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS).Nutrients · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveBreast-feeding is an important determinant of health of mothers and their offspring. The present study aimed to compare breast-feeding rates across Europe disaggregated by maternal education and establish what proportion achieves at least 50 % exclusive breast-feeding (EBF) at 6 months.Design/SettingSecondary analysis of national or sub-national studies' breast-feeding data for EU Member States plus Norway and Iceland, published in 2006-2016. Nineteen EU Member States plus Norway reported rates of EBF and any breast-feeding disaggregated by maternal education, of which only thirteen could be matched to the International Standard Classification of Education.ParticipantsMothers and their infants aged 0-12 months.
resultsData on EBF rates at 6 and 4 months were found in only four and six countries, respectively. At 6 months, EBF rates of 49 % in Slovakia and 44 % in Hungary were closest to WHO's target of at least 50 % EBF. At 4 months, mothers with high education level in Denmark, the Netherlands and Germany had the highest EBF rates (71, 52 and 50 %, respectively). Mothers with low education level were less likely to initiate breast-feeding and cessation occurred early. The inequality gap ranged from 63 % in Irish mothers to no gap or very low levels of inequality in Poland, Sweden and Norway.
conclusionsMore mothers with high, compared with low, education initiate breast-feeding and practise EBF for longer. More European policies should be targeted to protect, support and promote breast-feeding, especially among mothers with only mandatory education.
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