ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2018
Effect of Commonly Used Pediatric Antibiotics on Gut Microbial Diversity in Preschool Children in Burkina Faso: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 40 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Antibiotic Resistance and Microbiome in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Nouna, Burkina Faso
Azithromycin as Adjunctive Treatment for Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition: the AMOUR Trial
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- The effect of antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota in children - a systematic review.Frontiers in allergy · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of antibiotics on gut microbiome composition and resistome in the first years of life in low- to middle-income countries: A systematic review.PLoS medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic review: microbial manipulation as therapy for primary sclerosing cholangitis.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effect of intrapartum azithromycin on early childhood gut mycobiota development: post hoc analysis of a double-blind randomized trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Single-dose azithromycin for infant growth in Burkina Faso: Prespecified secondary anthropometric outcomes from a randomized controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2024Trial
- Gut Microbiome among Children with Uncomplicated Severe Acute Malnutrition in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Azithromycin versus Amoxicillin.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Trial
- Indirect effect of oral azithromycin on the gut resistome of untreated children: a randomized controlled trial.International health · 2021Trial
- Brief Report: Cessation of Long-Term Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis in HIV-Infected Children Does Not Alter the Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2020Trial
- Gut Bacterial Diversity and Growth among Preschool Children in Burkina Faso.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- Rapid Reduction ofThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- Intestinal microbiome analysis demonstrates azithromycin post-treatment effects improve when combined with lactulose.World journal of pediatrics : WJP · 2020Trial
- Gut Resistome After Oral Antibiotics in Preschool Children in Burkina Faso: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Trial
- Short-term weight gain among preschool children in rural Burkina Faso: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.BMJ open · 2019Trial
- Review
- Effects of Prebiotic Gum Arabic Under Antibiotic-Containing Conditions in Atopic Dermatitis-Associated Bacteria: In Vitro Evaluation and Development of Semisolid Topical Carriers.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Pharmacomicrobiomics.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
- Community use of oral antibiotics transiently reprofiles the intestinal microbiome in young Bangladeshi children.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Autoinducer-2 promotes the colonization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG to improve the intestinal barrier function in a neonatal mouse model of antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- Differential effects of antiretroviral treatment on immunity and gut microbiome composition in people living with HIV in rural versus urban Zimbabwe.Microbiome · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrection.2023
Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundExposure to antibiotics may result in alterations to the composition of intestinal microbiota. However, few trials have been conducted, and observational studies are subject to confounding by indication. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to determine the effect of 3 commonly used pediatric antibiotics on the intestinal microbiome in healthy preschool children.
methodsChildren aged 6-59 months were randomized (1:1:1:1) to a 5-day course of 1 of 3 antibiotics, including amoxicillin (25 mg/kg/d twice-daily doses), azithromycin (10 mg/kg dose on day 1 and then 5 mg/kg once daily for 4 days), cotrimoxazole (240 mg once daily), or placebo. Rectal swabs were obtained at baseline and 5 days after the last dose and were processed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The prespecified primary outcome was inverse Simpson's α-diversity index.
resultsPost-treatment Simpson's diversity was significantly different across the 4 arms (
conclusionsAzithromycin affects the composition of the pediatric intestinal microbiome. The effect of amoxicillin and cotrimoxazole on microbiome composition was less clear. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov NCT03187834.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.