Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30514310›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of health geographics2018

An updated meta-analysis of the distribution and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in ticks in Europe.

Agustín Estrada-Peña, Sally Cutler, Aleksandar Potkonjak, Muriel Vassier-Tussaut, Wim Van Bortel, Hervé Zeller, Natalia Fernández-Ruiz, Andrei Daniel Mihalca

Abstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of health geographics, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Incidence of Lyme Borreliosis in Europe: A Systematic Review (2005-2020).Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2023
    Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Resistance ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  8. The niche ofOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
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  13. Zoonotic Pathogens inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Prevalence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Agustín Estrada-PeñaDepartment of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain. aestrada@unizar.es.ORCID 0000-0001-7483-046X
Sally CutlerSchool of Health, Sport and Bioscience, University of East London, London, UK.
Aleksandar PotkonjakDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Muriel Vassier-TussautINRA, UMR BIPAR INRA, ENVA, Anses, Maisons-Alfort, France.
Wim Van BortelSurveillance and Response Support Unit, Solna, Sweden.
Hervé ZellerOffice of the Chief Scientist Unit, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, Solna, Sweden.
Natalia Fernández-RuizDepartment of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Miguel Servet 177, 50013, Zaragoza, Spain.
Andrei Daniel MihalcaDepartment of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe bacteria of the group Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. are the etiological agents of Lyme borreliosis in humans, transmitted by bites of ticks. Improvement of control measures requires a solid framework of the environmental traits driving its prevalence in ticks.

methodsWe updated a previous meta-analysis of the reported prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. in questing nymphs of Ixodes ricinus with a literature search from January 2010-June 2017. This resulted in 195 new papers providing the prevalence of Bb for 926 geo-referenced records. Previously obtained data (878 records, years 2000-2010) were appended for modelling. The complete dataset contains data from 82,004 questing nymphs, resulting in 558 records of B. afzelii, 404 of B. burgdorferi s.s. (only 80 after the year 2010), 552 of B. garinii, 78 of B. lusitaniae, 61 of B. spielmanii, and 373 of B. valaisiana. We associated the records with explicit coordinates to environmental conditions and to a categorical definition of European landscapes (LANMAP2) looking for a precise definition of the environmental niche of the most reported species of the pathogen, using models based on different classification methods.

resultsThe most commonly reported species are B. afzelii, B. garinii and B. valaisiana largely overlapping across Europe. Prevalence in ticks is associated with portions of the environmental niche. Highest prevalence occurs in areas of 280°-290° (Kelvin) of mean annual temperature experiencing a small amplitude, steady spring slope, together with high mean values and a moderate spring rise of vegetation vigor. Low prevalence occurs in sites with low and a noteworthy annual amplitude of temperature and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (colder areas with abrupt annual changes of vegetation). Models based on support vector machines provided a correct classification rate of the habitat and prevalence of 89.5%. These results confirm the association of prevalence of the three most commonly reported species of B. burgdorferi s.l. in Europe to parts of the environmental niche and provide a statistically tractable framework for analyzing trends under scenarios of climate change.

Indexed as

AnimalsBorrelia burgdorferi GroupEuropeHumansLyme DiseasePrevalenceTick BitesTicksBorrelia burgdorferi s.l.DistributionEuropeMeta-analysisModelling of prevalence

Identifiers

PMID30514310
PMCPMC6319795

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.