ReviewToxins2018
The Modes of Action of MARTX Toxin Effector Domains.
Review in Toxins, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Emergence, climate-driven expansion, and diversification of a EuropeanEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Phylogeny-aware comparative genomics ofmBio · 2026Article
- It's time to act: Understanding and combatingVirulence · 2025Review
- Article
- Comparative Genome Analysis of PiscineMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Genomic Insight into Zoonotic and EnvironmentalMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Biantennary N-glycans As Receptors for MARTX Toxins inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Dissemination of pathogenic bacteria is reinforced by a MARTX toxin effector duet.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Overview of Bacterial Protein Toxins from Pathogenic Bacteria: Mode of Action and Insights into Evolution.Toxins · 2024Review
- Structural basis of the activation of MARTX cysteine protease domain from Vibrio vulnificus.PloS one · 2024Article
- EmergingFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Genome analysis of clinical genotypeThe veterinary quarterly · 2023Article
- Tools to Enumerate and Predict Distribution Patterns of EnvironmentalMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- Characteristic Metabolic Changes in Skeletal Muscle Due to Vibrio vulnificus Infection in a Wound Infection Model.mSystems · 2023Article
- Article
- Vibrio vulnificus PlpA facilitates necrotic host cell death induced by the pore forming MARTX toxin.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2022Article
- Loss of the Acetate Switch in Vibrio vulnificus Enhances Predation Defense against Tetrahymena pyriformis.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- The widespread presence of a family of fish virulence plasmids inEmerging microbes & infections · 2021Article
- A deep-sea bacterium related to coastal marine pathogens.Environmental microbiology · 2021Article
- DeepT3_4: A Hybrid Deep Neural Network Model for the Distinction Between Bacterial Type III and IV Secreted Effectors.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens directly deliver numerous effector proteins from the bacterium to the host cell, thereby altering the target cell physiology. The already well-characterized effector delivery systems are type III, type IV, and type VI secretion systems. Multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin (MARTX) toxins are another effector delivery platform employed by some genera of Gram-negative bacteria. These single polypeptide exotoxins possess up to five effector domains in a modular fashion in their central regions. Upon binding to the host cell plasma membrane, MARTX toxins form a pore using amino- and carboxyl-terminal repeat-containing arms and translocate the effector domains into the cells. Consequently, MARTX toxins affect the integrity of the host cells and often induce cell death. Thus, they have been characterized as crucial virulence factors of certain human pathogens. This review covers how each of the MARTX toxin effector domains exhibits cytopathic and/or cytotoxic activities in cells, with their structural features revealed recently. In addition, future directions for the comprehensive understanding of MARTX toxin-mediated pathogenesis are discussed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.