ArticleJournal of neurology2019
A controlled inflammation and a regulatory immune system are associated with more favorable prognosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.
Article in Journal of neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disease-modifying therapies and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of neuroimmunology · 2021Pooled it
- Brain biopsy and pathological diagnosis for drug-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) with inflammatory reactions.Pathology international · 2024Review
- Combination of low-dose, long-term immunoglobulin and mirtazapine is effective in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy caused by JC virus infection.BMC neurology · 2024Article
- Biomarkers for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: emerging data for use of JC virus DNA copy number in clinical trials.The Lancet. Neurology · 2024Review
- Inflammatory progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy with human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 coinfection.BMJ case reports · 2024Article
- Pembrolizumab for the treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in China.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
- Novel Caspase-1 inhibitor CZL80 improves neurological function in mice after progressive ischemic stroke within a long therapeutic time-window.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2022Article
- Role of the Immune System Elements in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Immune Reconstitution Syndrome After Nivolumab for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2021Article
- Adoptive Transfer of JC Virus-Specific T Lymphocytes for the Treatment of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Annals of neurology · 2021Article
- Article
- Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in a patient with systemic sclerosis treated with methotrexate: A case report and literature review.Journal of scleroderma and related disorders · 2020Article
- Review
- Overexpression of PD-1 on Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes in Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Its Association with High Viral Loads of Epstein-Barr Virus and Poor Clinical Parameters.Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Checkpoint inhibitors and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: friends of foes?Annals of translational medicine · 2019Article
- Inflammatory Cerebellar PML with a CD4/CD8 Ratio of 2.9 Showed a Favorable Prognosis in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan) · 2019Article
- Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy: Current Insights.Degenerative neurological and neuromuscular disease · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIn the present study, we analyzed the inflammatory profiles of brain tissues obtained from patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) due to John Cunningham (JC) virus infection to identify potential prognostic factors.
methodsThe study included seven patients (two men, five women) who had been pathologically diagnosed with PML, and all of whom were HIV negative. Fixed brain samples were analyzed via hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and Klüver-Barrera (KB) staining. We then performed immunohistochemistry (IHC) specific to JC virus capsid proteins (VP1 and VP2/3) and lymphocyte surface markers (CD4, CD8, CD138, and PD-1).
resultsThe mean age at onset was 53.4, while the mean duration until biopsy/autopsy was 4.7 months. Four patients were included in the good prognosis (GP) group, while three were included in the poor prognosis (PP) group. Pathological analysis revealed a significantly larger number of CD4-positive T-cell infiltrations (P = .029) in the GP group, along with a preserved CD4:CD8 ratio. Larger numbers of CD138-positive plasma cells were also observed in the GP group (P = .029) than in the PP group. Linear regression analyses revealed a significant association between the numbers of CD138-positive plasma cells and PD-1-positive cells (R
conclusionsViral loads in the cerebrospinal fluid, a controlled inflammatory response mediated by CD4- and CD8-positive T cells, and plasma cells are associated with PML prognosis. Our findings further indicate that regulatory plasma cells may regulate inflammatory T-cell activity via a PD-1/PD-L1 immuno-checkpoint pathway, thereby protecting the uninfected brain from excessive immune-mediated damage during an active JC virus infection.
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