ArticleNature immunology2019
The establishment of resident memory B cells in the lung requires local antigen encounter.
Article in Nature immunology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 272 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
272 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 382 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immunity and vaccine development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Immune cell profiling in intestinal transplantation.Human immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Safety and Immunogenicity of aerosolized adenovirus-vectored COVID-19 vaccine and intramuscular mRNA vaccine bivalent boosters: a randomized open-label clinical trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Respiratory mucosal immunity: Biological functions, diseases, prevention and therapy.Genes & diseases · 2026Review
- Temporal and transcriptional programming of effector memory B cells shapes vaccine platform-dependent humoral immunity.iScience · 2026Article
- Review
- Respiratory mucosal vaccines for emerging viruses: promise and challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Tissue-resident memory B cells augment local anti-cancer immunity via IgA.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Isotype-specific antibody secreting plasma cells harbor epigenetic and transcription factor architectures defining distinct cell lineages.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- The Developmental and Functional Implications of Age-Associated B Cells (ABCs) Across Tissue Microenvironments.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Interferon-Mediated Regulation of Memory B Cell Identity and Function.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- B cell-intrinsic CXCR3 drives efficient generation of ectopic pulmonary germinal center responses to influenza A virus infection.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Harnessing mucosal immunity for protective vaccines.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Optimizing the mucosal frontier: longevity and epithelial barriers in prime-boost mRNA vaccine strategies.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- B cell αv integrin regulates tissue specialization and clonal expansion of lung germinal center and memory B cells after viral infection.Science advances · 2026Article
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Leading to Pneumonia Pathogenesis.Clinics in chest medicine · 2026Review
- Pathogen-specific immune responses might underlie divergent outcomes of coronavirus and influenza infection in the natural porcine host.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Multiple roads to IgE memory: A pluralistic model of IgE immunity.Cell reports · 2026Review
- Combating respiratory diseases with mucosal vaccines.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Mucosal Vaccine Development: From Adjuvant Design to Next-Generation Delivery Strategies.Biomedicines · 2026Review
212 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Memory B cells are found in lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues, suggesting that some may be tissue-resident cells. Here we show that pulmonary influenza infection elicited lung-resident memory B cells (BRM cells) that were phenotypically and functionally distinct from their systemic counterparts. BRM cells were established in the lung early after infection, in part because their placement required local antigen encounter. Lung BRM cells, but not systemic memory B cells, contributed to early plasmablast responses following challenge infection. Following secondary infection, antigen-specific BRM cells differentiated in situ, whereas antigen-non-specific BRM cells were maintained as memory cells. These data demonstrate that BRM cells are an important component of immunity to respiratory viruses such as influenza virus and suggest that vaccines designed to elicit BRM cells must deliver antigen to the lungs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.