ArticleCell journal2019
Induction Effects of Bacteroides fragilis Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles on Toll Like Receptor 2, Toll Like Receptor 4 Genes Expression and Cytokines Concentration in Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells.
Article in Cell journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
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Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Characterization and Anti-Inflammatory Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Outer membrane vesicles in gram-negative bacteria and its correlation with pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Saliva biofilm-derived outer membrane vesicles regulate biofilm formation and immune response of oral epithelial cells on titanium surfaces.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Microscopic messengers: microbiota-derived bacterial extracellular vesicles in inflammatory bowel disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Review
- Subinhibitory concentrations of meropenem stimulate membrane vesicle production and modulate immune response inCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2024Article
- The effect ofJournal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2023Article
- Protective effects of a new generation of probiotic Bacteroides fragilis against colitis in vivo and in vitroScientific reports · 2023Article
- Emerging role of microbiota derived outer membrane vesicles to preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic proposes.Infectious agents and cancer · 2023Review
- Roles of bacterial extracellular vesicles in systemic diseases.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Microbe-host interactions: structure and functions of Gram-negative bacterial membrane vesicles.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Bifidobacterium bifidum and Bacteroides fragilis Induced Differential Immune Regulation of Enteric Glial Cells Subjected to Exogenous Inflammatory Stimulation.Inflammation · 2022Article
- Downregulation of ACE, AGTR1, and ACE2 genes mediating SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis by gut microbiota members and their postbiotics on Caco-2 cells.Microbial pathogenesis · 2022Article
- Gut-Lung Microbiota Interaction in COPD Patients: A Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Host Genetics and Microbiota Interactions in Colorectal Cancer: Shared or Independent Risk?Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Article
- Crohn's Disease, Host-Microbiota Interactions, and Immunonutrition: Dietary Strategies Targeting Gut Microbiome as Novel Therapeutic Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Small Extracellular Vesicles: Key Forces Mediating the Development and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer.Cells · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveGastrointestinal (GI) tract, like other mucosal surface, is colonized with a microbial population known as gut microbiota. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) which are produced by gram negative bacteria could be sensed by Toll like receptors (TLRs). The interaction between gut microbiota and TLRs affects homeostasis and immune responses. In this study, we evaluated TLR2, TLR4 genes expression and cytokines concentration in Caco-2 cell line treated with Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) and its OMVs. MATERIALS AND
methodsIn this experimental study, OMVs were extracted using sequential centrifugation and their physicochemical properties were evaluated as part of quality control assessment. Caco-2 cells were treated with B. fragilis and its OMVs (180 and 350 μg/ml). Quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA expression levels. Pro-inflammatory (IFNᵧ) and anti-inflammatory (IL- 4 and IL-10) cytokines were evaluated by ELISA.
resultsB. fragilis significantly decreased TLR2 and slightly increased TLR4 mRNA levels in Caco-2 cell line. The TLR2 mRNA level was slightly increased at 180 and 350 μg/ml of OMVs. Conversely, the TLR4 mRNA level was decreased at 180 μg/ml of OMVs, while it was significantly increased at 350 μg/ml of OMVs. Furthermore, B. fragilis and its OMVs significantly increased and decreased IFNᵧ concentration, respectively. Anti-inflammatory cytokines were increased by B. fragilis and its OMVs.
conclusionB. fragilis and its OMVs have pivotal role in the cross talk between gut microbiota and the host especially in the modulation of the immune system. Based on the last studies on immunomodulatory effect of B. fragilis derived OMVs on immune cells and our results, we postulate that B. fragilis derived OMVs could be possible candidates for the reduction of immune responses.
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