SynthesisAddiction (Abingdon, England)2019
The efficacy of smoking cessation interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Behavioral Interventions for Tobacco Cessation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating the Effectiveness of Brief Interventions for Smoking Cessation Performed by Family Doctors.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Very Brief Advice on Tobacco Cessation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The efficacy of smoking cessation interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2019Pooled it
- Effectiveness of behavioural tobacco cessation interventions with and without pharmacotherapy among people living with HIV in Viet Nam: a three-arm pragmatic randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Global health · 2026Trial
- Peer Texting to Promote Quitline Use and Smoking Cessation Among Rural Participants in Vietnam: Randomized Clinical Trial.International journal of public health · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Protocol for a randomized controlled trial of a cognitive-behavioral therapy-based smoking cessation intervention in incarcerated individuals: The PRISANTABAC Study.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Multilevel barriers and facilitators to smoking cessation among men living with HIV in Vietnam: a qualitative study of male patients and healthcare providers.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines on Periodic Health Examination.Acta medica Philippina · 2026Article
- Bridging the gap between policy and practice: a mixed-methods study of tobacco control implementation challenges and community responses in Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Article
- Effectiveness and Adherence of Standalone Digital Tobacco Cessation Modalities: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Evaluating smoking cessation interventions for people living with HIV in a factorial randomised clinical trial in South Africa using the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) framework: The Tlogela Trial protocol.Contemporary clinical trials · 2025Article
- Effectiveness and Adherence of Pharmacological vs. Non-Pharmacological Technology-Supported Smoking Cessation Interventions: An Umbrella Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Risk factors affecting perioperative analgesic efficacy in transurethral resection of the prostate and the impact of mind map-guided nursing on pain management: a retrospective study.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Estimating the Direct Medical Costs of Smoking-Attributable Non-communicable Diseases in Northeastern Iran From 2015 to 2023.Tobacco use insights · 2025Article
- Age-period-cohort analysis of global, regional, and national trends in laryngeal Cancer among older adults, 1990-2021: insights from the 2021 global burden of disease study.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo summarize evidence for the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
designSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
settingLMICs as defined by the World Bank.
participantsAdult current cigarette smokers residing in LMICs.
interventionsBehavioral and/or pharmacotherapy smoking cessation interventions. MEASUREMENTS: PubMed MEDLINE, EMBASE (embase.com), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley), PsycINFO (Ebsco), SciELO, WHO Global Index Medicus and Scopus were searched from inception to 4 April 2018. Only studies with at least 6 months of follow-up were included. We used the most rigorous assessment of abstinence reported by each study. Effect sizes were computed from abstracted data. Where possible, a meta-analysis was performed using Mantel-Haenzel random-effect models reporting odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
findingsTwenty-four randomized controlled trials were included. Six investigated the efficacy of pharmacological agents. Four trials that compared nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to placebo found NRT improved cessation rates (n : NRT 546, control 684, OR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.30-2.77, P < 0.001, I
conclusionNicotine replacement therapy, behavioral counseling and brief advice appear to be effective in aiding smoking cessation in low- and middle-income countries. There is limited rigorous research on other smoking cessation interventions in these regions.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.