Trial reportAmerican journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons2019
Outcomes of immunosuppression minimization and withdrawal early after liver transplantation.
Trial report in American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase II Trial to Assess the Safety of Immunosuppression Withdrawal in Liver Transplant Recipients
A Clinical Pilot Study to Test the Acceptability and Feasibility of TruGraf Liver and TRAC Liver Testing as Part of Standard of Care: Optimizing Liver ImmunoSuppression (TRU-IMMUNO)
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed.
- Donor-derived regulatory dendritic cell infusion and early immunosuppressive drug withdrawal in living-donor liver transplantation: a phase I/IIa trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- Selective decrease of donor-reactive TScience translational medicine · 2022Trial
- Immunosuppression Withdrawal in Pediatric Liver Transplant Recipients With Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Annals of transplantation · 2026Article
- Analytical and Clinical Validation of a Serum microRNA RT-qPCR Assay for Detection of Acute Cellular Rejection in Liver Transplant Recipients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Induction of Clinical Operational Tolerance Through Immunosuppression Minimization: Less Is More?Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Review
- Review
- Allogeneic Liver Transplantation in Nonhuman Primates: Surgical Technique With Stable Postoperative Outcomes.Transplantation direct · 2025Article
- Side Effects of Immunosuppressant Drugs After Liver Transplant.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Genomic identification of recipient-derived hepatocytes in liver transplantation: a hypothesis linking graft repopulation to immune tolerance.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Chimerism-Mediated Tolerance in Intestinal Transplantation.Gastroenterology clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Article
- Proceedings of the 28th Annual Congress of the International Liver Transplantation Society.Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society · 2024Article
- The fate of anti-HLA antibodies following liver transplantation.Frontiers in nephrology · 2024Article
- Dynamics of torque teno virus load in kidney transplant recipients with indication biopsy and therapeutic modifications of immunosuppression.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Torque Teno Virus (TTV)-A Potential Marker of Immunocompetence in Solid Organ Recipients.Viruses · 2023Review
- Role of the immune system in liver transplantation and its implications for therapeutic interventions.MedComm · 2023Review
- Oral microbiota analyses of paediatric Saudi population reveals signatures of dental caries.BMC oral health · 2023Article
- How to Estimate the Probability of Tolerance Long-Term in Liver Transplant Recipients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Donor-derived regulatory dendritic cell infusion modulates effector CD8Science translational medicine · 2023Article
- The aging of the immune system and its implications for transplantation.GeroScience · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedErratum.2019
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The Immune Tolerance Network ITN030ST A-WISH assessed immunosuppression withdrawal in liver transplant recipients with hepatitis C or nonimmune nonviral liver disease. Of 275 recipients enrolled before transplantation, 95 were randomly assigned 4:1 to withdrawal (n = 77) or maintenance (n = 18) 1- to 2-years posttransplant. Randomization eligibility criteria included stable immunosuppression monotherapy; adequate liver and kidney function; ≤Stage 2 Ishak fibrosis; and absence of rejection on biopsy. Immunosuppression withdrawal followed an 8-step reduction algorithm with ≥8 weeks per level. Fifty-two of 77 subjects (67.5%) reduced to ≤50% of baseline dose, and 10 of 77 (13.0%) discontinued all immunosuppression for ≥1 year. Acute rejection and/or abnormal liver tests were treated with increased immunosuppression; 5 of 32 rejection episodes required a methylprednisolone bolus. The composite end point (death or graft loss; grade 4 secondary malignancy or opportunistic infection; Ishak stage ≥3; or >25% decrease in glomerular filtration rate within 24 months of randomization) occurred in 12 of 66 (18%) and 4 of 13 (31%) subjects in the withdrawal and maintenance groups. Early immunosuppression minimization is feasible in selected liver recipients, while complete withdrawal is successful in only a small proportion. The composite end point comparison was inconclusive for noninferiority of the withdrawal to the maintenance group.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.