ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2019
Comparability of serum, plasma, and urinary estrogen and estrogen metabolite measurements by sex and menopausal status.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Urinary estrogen metabolites and gastric cancer risk among postmenopausal women.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2022Pooled it
- The Effects of Diet and Exercise on Endogenous Estrogens and Subsequent Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of Boron on the Lipid Metabolism, Estradiol Concentration, Uterine Morphology and ERα Expression in Ovariectomized Rats.Biological trace element research · 2026Article
- Steroids, stress, and body mass index interact to accelerate female pubertal development.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Pharmacogenetic CYP2B6 variants affect steroid hormone metabolism in human breast cancer cells.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Estrogen metabolites in premenopausal women living in China, Mongolia, and the United Kingdom.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Estrogen metabolism-related lifestyle score and risk of postmenopausal breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancers: findings from two large prospective cohort studies.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Sex Hormones Attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Gene Expression in Nucleus Pulposus and Annulus Fibrosus Cells in a Cell-Type Specific Manner.JOR spine · 2026Article
- Oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone increase hydroxylation and methylation of endogenous estrogen but not genotoxic estrogen DNA-adduct formation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Mass spectrometric profiling of primary estrogens and estrogen metabolites in human stool and plasma partially elucidates the role of the gut microbiome in estrogen recycling.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2025Article
- Urinary Estradiol in Captive Bonobos: Variation With Reproductive State and Sexual Swelling.American journal of primatology · 2025Article
- Comparing 17β-estradiol and progesterone concentrations in young, physically active females: Insights from plasma versus serum analysis.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Associations of tubal ligation and hysterectomy with serum androgen and estrogen metabolites among postmenopausal women in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2024Observational
- Gut Microbiome-Estrobolome Profile in Reproductive-Age Women with Endometriosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Associations of gut microbiome with endogenous estrogen levels in healthy postmenopausal women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2023Article
- Associations of Circulating Estrogens and Estrogen Metabolites with Fecal and Oral Microbiome in Postmenopausal Women in the Ghana Breast Health Study.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Associations of body shape phenotypes with sex steroids and their binding proteins in the UK Biobank cohort.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Association between urine and serum estradiol levels in in vitro fertilization cycles.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Age, Sex, Body Mass Index, Diet and Menopause Related Metabolites in a Large Homogeneous Alpine Cohort.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Associations of established breast cancer risk factors with urinary estrogens in postmenopausal women.Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe comparability between serum, plasma, and urinary measurements of estrogen metabolites via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has not been largely explored, and it is unclear if urinary LC-MS/MS measurements are suitable surrogates of circulating levels.
methodsSerum, plasma (EDTA and heparin), and urinary estrogen/estrogen metabolite levels were measured via LC-MS/MS in paired samples from 64 healthy volunteers (18 men, 20 premenopausal women, 26 postmenopausal women). Geometric means and Spearman correlation coefficients were used to compare individual and combined pathway levels of estrogens/estrogen metabolites across biologic matrices by sex/menopausal status.
resultsMeasured concentrations of estrogens/estrogen metabolites across blood matrices were almost identical (percent differences < 4.8%). Parent estrogen concentrations measured in serum and urine were moderately correlated in postmenopausal women (estrone: r = 0.69, estradiol: r = 0.69). Correlations were similar comparing unconjugated serum estradiol to urinary estrone (r = 0.76) and urinary estradiol (r = 0.65) in postmenopausal women but were moderate to low in premenopausal women (r = 0.60, 0.40, respectively)/men (r = 0.33, 0.53, respectively). Comparing metabolite ratios, proportionally higher concentrations of 16-pathway metabolites were measured in urine versus serum across sex/menopausal status groups (e.g., postmenopausal women: 50.3% 16-pathway metabolites/total in urine versus 35.3% in serum).
conclusionsThere is strong agreement between estrogen/estrogen metabolites measurements in serum, heparin plasma, and EDTA plasma. Individual estrogen metabolite concentrations were moderately correlated between urine and serum, but were not well correlated when evaluating pathway- or relative estrogen concentrations. Differences between serum and urine are likely explained by differences in metabolism and/or excretion.
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