ReviewInfectious diseases and therapy2019
Biologic Markers of Antibiotic-Refractory Lyme Arthritis in Human: A Systematic Review.
Review in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strain-specific immune response patterns toInfection and immunity · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLyme disease-also known as Lyme borreliosis (LB)-is the most common vector-borne disease in North America and Europe. It may result in substantial morbidity, primarily from persistent Lyme arthritis (LA) that-although treatable-can develop into antibiotic-refractory LA (A-RLA). The aim of this study is to systematically review and evaluate a range of biomarkers for their potential predictive value in the development of A-RLA.
methodsWe conducted a systematic review of studies examining biomarkers among patients with A-RLA from MEDLINE via OVID, EMBASE and Web of Science databases and identified a total of 26 studies for qualitative analysis.
resultsAll studies were of patient populations from the USA, with the exception of one from Europe. We identified an array of biomarkers that are commonly modulated in the A-RLA compared with subjects with antibiotic-responsive LA. These included a range of inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-23, IL-17F, TNFα, IFNγ, CXCL9, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL3 and CCL4, CRP), factors along the innate and adaptive immune response pathways (e.g., CD4
conclusionThe evidence base of biologic markers for A-RLA is limited. However, a range of promising biomarkers have been identified. Cytokines and chemokines related to Th17 pathway together with a number of miRNAs species (miR-146a, miR-155 and let-7a) may be promising candidates in the prediction of A-RLA. A panel of multiple biomarkers may yield clinically relevant prediction of the possible resistance at the time of LA first diagnosis.
fundingPublic Health Agency of Canada.
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Registered trials
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