Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30505695›Full record

ReviewToxicology reports2018

The clinical toxicology of caffeine: A review and case study.

Cyril Willson

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Toxicology reports, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 103 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
103citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
13.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

103 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 275 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. [Refractory ventricular fibrillation in an 18 -year-old patient].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2026
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  19. Leveraging the developmental neurotoxicityFrontiers in toxicology · 2026
    Article
  20. Use of Extracorporeal Therapies to Treat Severe Caffeine Poisoning.Hemodialysis international. International Symposium on Home Hemodialysis · 2026
    Article

43 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Cyril WillsonEuSci LLC, Gretna, NE, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Caffeine is a widely recognized psychostimulant compound with a long history of consumption by humans. While it has received a significant amount of attention there is still much to be learned with respect to its toxicology in humans, especially in cases of overdose. A review of the history of consumption and the clinical toxicology of caffeine including clinical features, pharmacokinetics, toxicokinetics, a thorough examination of mechanism of action and management/treatment strategies are undertaken. While higher (i.e., several grams) quantities of caffeine are known to cause toxicity and potentially lethality, cases of mainly younger individuals who have experienced severe side effects and death despite consuming doses not otherwise known to cause such harm is troubling and deserves further study. An attempted case reconstruction is performed in an effort to shed light on this issue with a focus on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of caffeine.

Indexed as

Adenosine antagonismCaffeineCase reconstructionClinical toxicologyEnergy drinks

Identifiers

PMID30505695
PMCPMC6247400
OpenAlexW2899447541

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.