Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30504828›Full record

ArticleEye (London, England)2019

Cost-effectiveness of digital surveillance clinics with optical coherence tomography versus hospital eye service follow-up for patients with screen-positive maculopathy.

Jose Leal, Ramon Luengo-Fernandez, Irene M Stratton, Angela Dale, Katerina Ivanova, Peter H Scanlon

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Eye (London, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Brain and retina in Alzheimer's disease: Pathological intersections and estimates from imaging.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
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  3. Hospital to community in Wales: What is the value of optometrists playing a greater role in managing neovascular AMD and glaucoma in primary care?Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jose LealHealth Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Ramon Luengo-FernandezHealth Economics Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Irene M StrattonGloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK.
Angela DaleGloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK.
Katerina IvanovaGloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK.
Peter H ScanlonGloucestershire Retinal Research Group, Cheltenham General Hospital, Cheltenham, UK. p.scanlon@nhs.net.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-710X
Cheltenham General Hospital · GBUniversity of Oxford · GBUniversity of Gloucestershire · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAnnually 2.7 million individuals are offered screening for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in England. Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) has the potential to relieve pressure on NHS services by correctly identifying patients who are screen positive for maculopathy on two-dimensional photography without evidence of clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO), limiting the number of referrals to hospitals. We aim to assess whether the addition of SDOCT imaging in digital surveillance clinics is a cost-effective intervention relative to hospital eye service (HES) follow-up.

methodsWe used patient-level data from the Gloucestershire Diabetic Eye Screening Service linked to the local digital surveillance programme and HES between 2012 and 2015. A model was used to simulate the progression of individuals with background diabetic retinopathy (R1) and diabetic maculopathy (M1) following DR screening across the clinic pathways over 12 months.

resultsBetween January 2012 and December 2014, 696 people undergoing DR screening were found to have screen-positive maculopathy in at least one eye for the first time, with a total of 766 eyes identified as having R1M1. The mean annual cost of assessing and surveillance through the SD-OCT clinic pathway was £101 (95% CI: 91-139) as compared with £177 (95%CI: 164-219) under the HES pathway. Surveillance under an SD-OCT clinic generated cost savings of £76 (95% CI: 70-81) per patient.

conclusionsOur analysis shows that SD-OCT surveillance of patients diagnosed as R1M1 at DR screening is not only cost-effective but generates considerable cost savings.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overCost-Benefit AnalysisDiabetic RetinopathyDiagnosis, Computer-AssistedEnglandFemaleHumansMacular EdemaMaleMass ScreeningMiddle AgedState MedicineTomography, Optical Coherence

Identifiers

PMID30504828
PMCPMC6461849
OpenAlexW2903475542

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.