ReviewExperimental neurology2019
Routes for the delivery of insulin to the central nervous system: A comparative review.
Review in Experimental neurology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Dilemma of Insulin Delivery into the Brain: A Comprehensive Review.Current drug delivery · 2025Review
- Effects of a high-fat diet on cognition and brain distribution of intranasal insulin in E3 and E4 male and female mice.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Comparing regional brain uptake of incretin receptor agonists after intranasal delivery in CD-1 mice and the APP/PS1 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Article
- Association between abdominal adiposity and cognitive decline in older adults: a 10-year community-based study.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Central nervous system insulin signaling can influence the rate of insulin influx into brain.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2023Article
- How Can Insulin Resistance Cause Alzheimer's Disease?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis to investigate the mechanism of intranasal insulin treatment in a rat model of vascular dementia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Modulatory Effect of Gut Microbiota on the Gut-Brain, Gut-Bone Axes, and the Impact of Cannabinoids.Metabolites · 2022Review
- Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment Strategies and Their Limitations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Evidence for preserved insulin responsiveness in the aging rat brain.GeroScience · 2022Article
- Insulin Resistance in Peripheral Tissues and the Brain: A Tale of Two Sites.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Impaired insulin signalling and allostatic load in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2022Review
- Evidence for an alternative insulin transporter at the blood-brain barrier.Aging pathobiology and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Endocytosis of insulin at the blood-brain barrier.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2022Article
- A historical perspective on the interactions of insulin at the blood-brain barrier.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2021Review
- Intranasal Delivery: Effects on the Neuroimmune Axes and Treatment of Neuroinflammation.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- ApoE and cerebral insulin: Trafficking, receptors, and resistance.Neurobiology of disease · 2020Review
- Article
- Role of the Blood-Brain Barrier in Central Nervous System Insulin Resistance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of Intranasal Insulin in SAMP8 Mice.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) insulin resistance is a condition in which the cells within the CNS do not respond to insulin appropriately and is often linked to aberrant CNS insulin levels. CNS insulin is primarily derived from the periphery. Aberrant CNS insulin levels can arise due to various factors including i) decreased endogenous insulin transport into the brain, across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), ii) reduced CNS sequestration of insulin, and iii) increased CNS degradation. While the sole route of endogenous insulin transport into the brain is via the BBB, there are multiple therapeutic routes of administration that have been investigated to deliver exogenous insulin to the CNS. These alternative administrative routes can be utilized to increase the amount of CNS insulin and aid in overcoming CNS insulin resistance. This review focuses on the intravenous, intracerebroventricular, intranasal, ocular, and intrathecal routes of administration and compares the impact of insulin delivery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.