Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30499591›Full record

ArticleTransfusion2019

Recent and occult hepatitis B virus infections among blood donors in the United States.

Sumathi Ramachandran, Jamel A Groves, Guo-Liang Xia, Paula Saá, Edward P Notari, Jan Drobeniuc, Amanda Poe, Natasha Khudyakov, Sarah F Schillie, Trudy V Murphy and 5 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Transfusion, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Hepatoprotective Potential of Indian Medicinal Plants.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. The evolution and clinical impact of hepatitis B virus genome diversity.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2020
    Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sumathi RamachandranDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Jamel A GrovesScientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Guo-Liang XiaDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Paula SaáScientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Edward P NotariScientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Jan DrobeniucDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Amanda PoeDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Natasha KhudyakovDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Sarah F SchillieDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Trudy V MurphyDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Saleem KamiliDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Chong-Gee TeoDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Roger Y DoddScientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Yury E KhudyakovDivision of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Susan L StramerScientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, Maryland.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention · USAmerican Red Cross · US

Funding

CDC HHS 200-2013-56600Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCharacteristics of US blood donors with recent (RBI) or occult (OBI) hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are not well defined.

methodsDonors with RBI and OBI were identified by nucleic acid and serologic testing among 34.4 million donations during 2009-2015. Consenting donors were interviewed and their HBV S-gene sequenced.

resultsThe overall rate of HBV-infected donors was 7.95 per 100,000; of these, 0.35 per 100,000 and 1.70 per 100,000 were RBI and OBI, respectively. RBI (n = 120) and OBI (n = 583) donors constituted 26% of all HBV-infected (n = 2735) donors. Detection of HBV DNA in 92% of OBI donors required individual donation nucleic acid testing. Donors with OBI compared to RBI were older (mean age, 48 vs 39 years; p < 0.0001) with lower median viral loads (9 vs. 529 IU/mL; p < 0.0001). A higher proportion of OBI than RBI donors were born or resided in an endemic country (39% vs. 5%; p = 0.0078). Seventy-seven percent of all RBI and OBI donors had multiple sex partners, an HBV-risk factor. Of 40 RBI and 10 OBI donors whose S gene was sequenced, 33 (83%) and 6 (60%), respectively, carried HBV subgenotype A2; 18 (55%) and 2 (33%), respectively, shared an identical sequence. Infection with 1 or more putative HBV-immune-escape mutants was identified in 5 (50%) of OBI but no RBI donors.

conclusionRBI and OBI continue to be identified at low rates, confirming the importance of comprehensive HBV DNA screening of US blood donations. HBV-infected donors require referral for care and evaluation and contact tracing; their HBV strains may provide important information on emergent genotypes.

Indexed as

Blood DonorsHepatitis B, ChronicHepatitis B virusAdolescentAdultDNA, ViralDonor SelectionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsUnited StatesDNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID30499591
PMCPMC8190636
OpenAlexW2902773913

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.