ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Hofbauer Cells: Their Role in Healthy and Complicated Pregnancy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revealing the molecular landscape of human placenta: a systematic review and meta-analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing studies.Human reproduction update · 2024Pooled it
- Phenotypic and functional characterization of first-trimester human placental macrophages, Hofbauer cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2021Trial
- A bioengineered model of human placental exposure to environmental metals during pregnancy.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Iterative multiplex imaging cytometry for cross-species analyses of in situ tissue leukocytes.Journal of immunological methods · 2026Article
- Macrophage efferocytosis in pregnancy and pregnancy complications.Reproduction & fertility · 2026Review
- Single-nucleus multi-omics dissection of dysregulated trophoblast development and disrupted immune microenvironment in complete hydatidiform moles.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Gestational Dynamics of Hofbauer Cells in the Human Placenta: Distribution, Morphology, and Immunophenotype.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Article
- Maternal opioid use and hepatitis C infection disrupt the placental immune landscape and structure.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Single-cell insights into trophoblast heterogeneity and adaptive dysfunction in selective fetal growth restriction.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Distinct transcriptional and epigenomic programs define Hofbauer cells in term placenta.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Hofbauer Cells in Pregnancies Complicated by Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Pathological Fetal Growth.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Article
- Immune regulation and lymphangiogenesis by lymphatic endothelial cells in the decidua in severe preeclampsia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Detection of spike protein in term placentas of COVID-19 vaccinated and/or SARS-CoV-2 infected women.PloS one · 2026Article
- A FOS/NFKB1-associated Hofbauer cell subset mediates placental niche dysregulation in early-onset fetal growth restriction.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Distinct immune responses to HIV and CMV in Hofbauer cells across gestation highlight evolving placental immune dynamics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Isolation and characterization of Hofbauer cells from human term placentas.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The neuro-immune axis in preeclampsia: from the maternal-fetal interface to systemic dysregulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of placental transmission mechanisms for Dengue and Zika viruses: outcomes and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Placental dysfunction drives fetal growth restriction: mechanisms and translational perspectives.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Melatonin is associated with cell-type-specific inflammatory and oxidative stress responses at the maternal-fetal interface.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Hofbauer cells are placental villous macrophages of fetal origin that are present throughout pregnancy. Although Hofbauer cell populations are antigenically and morphologically heterogeneous, their epigenetic, antigenic, and functional profiles most closely resemble alternatively activated macrophages or what are referred to as M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d polarity subtypes. Consistent with an M2-like profile, these cells play an important role in placental development including vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. During placental inflammation Hofbauer cells may produce pro-inflammatory cytokines or mediators that damage the villous cell barrier, and induce fibrotic responses within the villi as a continuum of chronic inflammation. However, to date, there is no evidence that Hofbauer cells become classically activated or adopt an M1 polarity phenotype that is able to kill microbes. To the contrary, their predominant M2 like qualities may be why these cells are ineffective in controlling most TORCH infections. Moreover, Hofbauer cells may contribute to vertical transmission of various pathogens to the fetus since they can harbor live virus and serve as reservoirs within the placenta. The goal of this review is to summarize what is currently known about the role of Hofbauer cells in normal and complicated pregnancies that involve immunologic disorders, inflammation, and/or infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.