ArticleMicrobiome2018
Understanding the microbial basis of body odor in pre-pubescent children and teenagers.
Article in Microbiome, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Acari Hypothesis, VIII: the human apocrine-mammary-microbiota axis andFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Axillary and gut microbiota characteristics in axillary bromhidrosis patients and the effect of microwave therapy: a case-control study.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- The Scent Gland Microbiomes of Wild Tamarins Provide New Insight Into Microbial Contributions to Olfactory Communication.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Alterations in scalp microorganisms after Er: YAG laser treatment for Shanghai androgenetic alopecia patients.Lasers in medical science · 2025Article
- Interplay of human ABCC11 transporter gene variants with axillary skin microbiome functional genomics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Microbial Dysbiosis in the Skin Microbiome and Its Psychological Consequences.Microorganisms · 2024Review
- Comparative Study of 1444 nm Laser Monotherapy versus Integrated Liposuction in the Treatment of Axillary Osmidrosis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Body odor samples from infants and post-pubertal children differ in their volatile profiles.Communications chemistry · 2024Article
- MCSS: microbial community simulator based on structure.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Darier's disease exhibits a unique cutaneous microbial dysbiosis associated with inflammation and body malodour.Microbiome · 2023Article
- Human skin gas profile of individuals with the people allergic to me phenomenon.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The dynamic balance of the skin microbiome across the lifespan.Biochemical Society transactions · 2023Review
- Sweat and Sebum Preferences of the Human Skin Microbiota.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Antimicrobial Effects of Tetraspanin CD9 Peptide against Microbiota Causing Armpit Malodour.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Essential Oils Encapsulated in Zeolite Structures as Delivery Systems (EODS): An Overview.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Skin Microbiome, Metabolome and Skin Phenome, from the Perspectives of Skin as an Ecosystem.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- A dysregulated sebum-microbial metabolite-IL-33 axis initiates skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEven though human sweat is odorless, bacterial growth and decomposition of specific odor precursors in it is believed to give rise to body odor in humans. While mechanisms of odor generation have been widely studied in adults, little is known for teenagers and pre-pubescent children who have distinct sweat composition from immature apocrine and sebaceous glands, but are arguably more susceptible to the social and psychological impact of malodor.
resultsWe integrated information from whole microbiome analysis of multiple skin sites (underarm, neck, and head) and multiple time points (1 h and 8 h after bath), analyzing 180 samples in total to perform the largest metagenome-wide association study to date on malodor. Significant positive correlations were observed between odor intensity and the relative abundance of Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Cutibacterium avidum, as well as negative correlation with Acinetobacter schindleri and Cutibacterium species. Metabolic pathway analysis highlighted the association of isovaleric and acetic acid production (sour odor) from enriched S. epidermidis (teen underarm) and S. hominis (child neck) enzymes and sulfur production from Staphylococcus species (teen underarm) with odor intensity, in good agreement with observed odor characteristics in pre-pubescent children and teenagers. Experiments with cultures on human and artificial sweat confirmed the ability of S. hominis and S. epidermidis to independently produce malodor with distinct odor characteristics.
conclusionsThese results showcase the power of skin metagenomics to study host-microbial co-metabolic interactions, identifying distinct pathways for odor generation from sweat in pre-pubescent children and teenagers and highlighting key enzymatic targets for intervention.
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