ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2019
Association of baseline inflammatory markers and the development of negative symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peripheral blood immune markers associated with negative symptoms in first episode psychosis: a systematic review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of celecoxib in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Predictors of successful anti-inflammatory drug trials in patients with schizophrenia: A meta-regression and critical commentary.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Pooled it
- Inflammation in first-episode psychosis: The contribution of inflammatory biomarkers to the emergence of negative symptoms, a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2022Pooled it
- Exploring the Relationship Between Inflammatory Biomarkers and Negative Symptoms Subtypes in Individuals at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Increased Tumor Necrosis Factor Superfamily Members in Neuroinflammatory Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Midbrains.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2026Article
- The past and future of integrated biopsychosocial whole-health perspectives in psychiatric rehabilitation.Psychiatric rehabilitation journal · 2026Review
- Effects of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation on Peripheral Inflammatory Factors in Patients with Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia: A 2×2 Factorial Design Protocol.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- The Role of CCL11-CCR3 Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Cognitive Impairment in Early-onset Schizophrenia: Insights from Preclinical Studies.Inflammation · 2025Article
- Inflammation is associated with avolition and reduced resting state functional connectivity in corticostriatal reward circuitry in patients with schizophrenia.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- The moderating role of lifetime social engagement on the relationship between C-reactive protein and negative symptoms among young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Specific immune-inflammatory profiles and neurocognitive deficits predict illness trajectories in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus or psychiatric disorders.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Changes in psychopathology and peripheral inflammation in schizophrenia patients initiating treatment with second-generation antipsychotics: a post-hoc analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Impact of 5-Lipoxygenase Deficiency on Dopamine-Mediated Behavioral Responses.Neurotoxicity research · 2024Article
- The association of SOD and HsCRP with the efficacy of sulforaphane in schizophrenia patients with residual negative symptoms.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- A blood-free modeling approach for the quantification of the blood-to-brain tracer exchange in TSPO PET imaging.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Development of an anti-inflammatory diet for first-episode psychosis (FEP): a feasibility study protocol.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Article
- Low-dose lithium adjunct to atypical antipsychotic treatment nearly improved cognitive impairment, deteriorated the gray-matter volume, and decreased the interleukin-6 level in drug-naive patients with first schizophrenia symptoms: a follow-up pilot study.Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Article
- Network analysis of inflammation and symptoms in recent onset schizophrenia and the influence of minocycline during a clinical trial.Translational psychiatry · 2023Article
- Systemic inflammation and cortical neurochemistry in never-medicated first episode-psychosis individuals.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 9 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Negative symptoms are common in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis and are associated with worse functional outcomes. Inflammation may be one mechanism underlying negative symptoms. Inflammatory markers are altered in individuals at CHR and are associated with negative symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. We thus hypothesized that baseline inflammatory markers would predict the development of negative symptoms in individuals at CHR for psychosis. Thirty seven individuals from the North American Prodromal Longitudinal Study who met CHR criteria were included in the study. Inflammatory cytokines, including interferon (IFN)-λ, Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were measured at baseline. Negative symptoms as measured by the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms, were measured at baseline and six and twelve months. Associations between inflammatory markers and the trajectory of negative symptoms (slope) over the first year of follow-up, were assessed using linear regression models controlling for age, sex, race and depressive symptom severity (as assessed by the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia). Baseline TNF (beta = 0.361, p = 0.007) and IL-6 (beta = -0.306, p = 0.026) predicted negative symptoms slopes, along with depressive symptom severity at baseline (beta = -0.596, p = 0.000). These findings demonstrate that inflammatory cytokines may underlie the development of negative symptoms in some individuals at CHR for psychosis. TNF predicted the development of negative symptoms independent of baseline depression. Given the heterogeneity of the CHR population, the comorbidity of negative symptoms and depression in this population, and the particular challenges in treating negative symptoms, immune markers could represent potential biomarkers that underlie the development of negative symptoms, representing a potential treatment target.
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