Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30496556›Full record

ArticleTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene2019

Risk factors for Plasmodium falciparum infection in the Kenyan Highlands: a cohort study.

Jackie Cook, Chrispin Owaga, Elizabeth Marube, Amrish Baidjoe, Gillian Stresman, Robin Migiro, Jon Cox, Chris Drakeley, Jennifer C Stevenson

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Characterization of Malaria Outbreak in Marsabit County, Kenya, March 2024.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Jackie CookLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
Chrispin OwagaEvidence Action, Ngong Road, Nairobi, Kenya.
Elizabeth MarubeEvidence Action, Ngong Road, Nairobi, Kenya.
Amrish BaidjoeImperial College London, Praed Street, London, UK.
Gillian StresmanLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
Robin MigiroKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kemri Square, Kilifi, Kenya.
Jon CoxLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
Chris DrakeleyLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.
Jennifer C StevensonMacha Research Trust, Choma, Southern Province, Zambia.
University of London · GBKenya Medical Research Institute · KEImperial College London · GBJohns Hopkins University · USPractical Action · KE

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/K012126/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMalaria transmission in African highland areas can be prone to epidemics, with minor fluctuations in temperature or altitude resulting in highly heterogeneous transmission. In the Kenyan Highlands, where malaria prevalence has been increasing, characterising malaria incidence and identifying risk factors for infection is complicated by asymptomatic infection.

methodsThis all-age cohort study, one element of the Malaria Transmission Consortium, involved monthly follow-up of 3155 residents of the Kisii and Rachuonyo South districts during June 2009-June 2010. Participants were tested for malaria using rapid diagnostic testing at every visit, regardless of symptoms.

resultsThe incidence of Plasmodium falciparum infection was 0.2 cases per person, although infections were clustered within individuals and over time, with the majority of infections detected in the last month of the cohort study. Overall, incidence was higher in the Rachuonyo district and infections were detected most frequently in 5-10-year-olds. The majority of infections were asymptomatic (58%). Travel away from the study area was a notable risk factor for infection.

conclusionsIdentifying risk factors for malaria infection can help to guide targeting of interventions to populations most likely to be exposed to malaria.

Indexed as

Malaria, FalciparumAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceInfantKenyaMaleMiddle AgedcohortheterogeneityhighlandsKenyamalariaPlasmodium falciparum

Identifiers

PMID30496556
PMCPMC6391934
OpenAlexW2902651720

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.