ReviewJournal of cardiovascular pharmacology2019
Use of Levosimendan in Intensive Care Unit Settings: An Opinion Paper.
Review in Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of levosimendan in patients with sepsis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Levosimendan to Facilitate Weaning From Cardiorespiratory Support in Critically Ill Patients: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The therapeutic effect of levosimendan in patients with prolonged ventilator weaning and cardiac dysfunction.The Journal of international medical research · 2024Trial
- Istaroxime in Acute Heart Failure and Early Cardiogenic Shock: A Calcium-Cycling Approach to Inotropic Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Levosimendan in Cardiac Arrest (LeiCA): Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase II Clinical Trial.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Levosimendan vs. Dobutamine in Patients with Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- [Severe malnutrition during pregnancy complicated with acute pyelonephritis causing sepsis, refractory septic shock and multiple organ failure: A case report].Beijing da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Peking University. Health sciences · 2025Article
- Takotsubo pathophysiology and complications: what we know and what we do not know.Heart failure reviews · 2024Review
- Levosimendan for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction: friend or foe?Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Therapeutic Development of Levosimendan in Acute and Advanced Heart Failure: A Systematic Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- The Adenylate Cyclase Activator Forskolin Potentiates the Positive Inotropic Effect of the Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor Milrinone But Not of the Calcium Sensitizer Levosimendan nor of Its Hemodynamically Active Metabolites: An Apparent Conundrum.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2022Article
- Levosimendan in intensive care and emergency medicine: literature update and expert recommendations for optimal efficacy and safety.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2022Review
- Functional Regulation of KFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- [Pharmacological therapy of circulatory shock].Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin · 2021Article
- Effects of Levosimendan on Systemic Perfusion in Patients with Low Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) Score: Experience from a Single Center in Taiwan.Acta Cardiologica Sinica · 2021Article
- Levosimendan in Europe and China: An Appraisal of Evidence and Context.European cardiology · 2021Review
- Impact of the perioperative inotropic support in grown-up congenital heart patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a propensity score adjusted analysis.Annals of intensive care · 2020Article
- Levosimendan Efficacy and Safety: 20 Years of SIMDAX in Clinical Use.Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology · 2020Review
- Sepsis-Induced Cardiomyopathy: a Comprehensive Review.Current cardiology reports · 2020Review
- Ischemic Heart Disease and Heart Failure: Role of Coronary Ion Channels.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 12 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Levosimendan is an inodilator that promotes cardiac contractility primarily through calcium sensitization of cardiac troponin C and vasodilatation via opening of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells; the drug also exerts organ-protective effects through a similar effect on mitochondrial KATP channels. This pharmacological profile identifies levosimendan as a drug that may have applications in a wide range of critical illness situations encountered in intensive care unit medicine: hemodynamic support in cardiogenic or septic shock; weaning from mechanical ventilation or from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; and in the context of cardiorenal syndrome. This review, authored by experts from 9 European countries (Austria, Belgium, Czech republic, Finland, France, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and Switzerland), examines the clinical and experimental data for levosimendan in these situations and concludes that, in most instances, the evidence is encouraging, which is not the case with other cardioactive and vasoactive drugs routinely used in the intensive care unit. The size of the available studies is, however, limited and the data are in need of verification in larger controlled trials. Some proposals are offered for the aims and designs of these additional studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.