Trial reportJournal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)
Natural Killer Cell Homing and Persistence in the Bone Marrow After Adoptive Immunotherapy Correlates With Better Leukemia Control.
Trial report in Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997). The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ex vivo expansion of natural killer cells for hematological cancer immunotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Enhancing CAR-NK persistence to unlock its full therapeutic potentials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow microenvironment: a double-edged sword for AML.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Cytokines in Focus: IL-2 and IL-15 in NK Adoptive Cell Cancer Immunotherapy.Immune network · 2025Review
- Comprehensive snapshots of natural killer cells functions, signaling, molecular mechanisms and clinical utilization.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Redirecting NK cells to the lymph nodes to augment their lymphoma-targeting capacity.NPJ precision oncology · 2024Article
- Manufacturing of primary CAR-NK cells in an automated system for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.Bone marrow transplantation · 2024Article
- Harnessing upregulated E-selectin while enhancing SDF-1α sensing redirects infused NK cells to the AML-perturbed bone marrow.Leukemia · 2024Article
- CXCR4 has a dual role in improving the efficacy of BCMA-redirected CAR-NK cells in multiple myeloma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Advances in NK cell therapy for hematologic malignancies: NK source, persistence and tumor targeting.Blood reviews · 2023Review
- Aberrant myelomonocytic CD56 expression predicts response to cyclosporine therapy in pediatric patients with moderate aplastic anemia.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Review
- Gene-Based Natural Killer Cell Therapies for the Treatment of Pediatric Hematologic Malignancies.Hematology/oncology clinics of North America · 2022Review
- CXCR4 and anti-BCMA CAR co-modified natural killer cells suppress multiple myeloma progression in a xenograft mouse model.Cancer gene therapy · 2022Article
- Primary CD33-targeting CAR-NK cells for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.Blood cancer journal · 2022Article
- Dynamic metabolic change of cancer cells induced by natural killer cells at the single-cell level studied by label-free mass cytometry.Chemical science · 2022Article
- Overcoming tumor resistance mechanisms in CAR-NK cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- State-of-Art of Cellular Therapy for Acute Leukemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cellular immunotherapy using allogeneic natural killer (NK) cells may overcome chemotherapy-refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Our goal was to document NK cell homing/persistence in the bone marrow following adoptive immunotherapy. Our cohort included 109 patients who received NK cell therapy for refractory acute myeloid leukemia following lymphodepleting conditioning +/- denileukin diftitox, +/- low-dose total body irradiation. We evaluated the NK cell density in bone marrow core biopsies performed an average of 14 days after NK cell transfer using a CD56 immunohistochemical stain. The NK cell density in core biopsies showed only moderate correlation with NK cell percentage in bone marrow aspirates evaluated by flow cytometry (rs=0.48) suggesting that distribution of CD56 cells in the bone marrow niche offers unique insight into NK cell homing. Better leukemia control was associated with increased NK cell density, such that patients with <5% blasts had a higher NK cell density (P=0.01). As well, NK cell density above the median of reference group was significantly associated with morphologic remission of leukemia (P=0.01). Moreover, the NK cell density varied significantly between conditioning protocols. Our findings suggest that the use of low-dose irradiation or CD25-targeting immunocytokine (denileukin diftitox, IL2DT) as part of conditioning results in increased NK cell homing/persistence in the bone marrow. These novel results will help guide future immunotherapy with NK cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.