ArticleGut2019
Fine needle aspirates comprehensively sample intrahepatic immunity.
Article in Gut, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 90 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutic Potential of TLR8 Agonist GS-9688 (Selgantolimod) in Chronic Hepatitis B: Remodeling of Antiviral and Regulatory Mediators.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2021Trial
- Review
- Clonal amplification of peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is associated with clinical response to checkpoint blockade in chronic hepatitis B.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Article
- Circulating exhausted CD8+ effector memory cells differentiate immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced liver injury from other acute immune-mediated liver injuries.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Functional immune responses induced by a capsid assembly modulator in chronic hepatitis B virus-infected humanized mice.Cell host & microbe · 2026Article
- Fine needle aspirates characterise the hepatocellular carcinoma immune niche to predict immune checkpoint inhibitor outcomes.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2026Article
- Role of cccDNA in the Quest for HBV Cure- Implications for HIV-HBV Coinfection.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Tissue-resident memory CD8Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- HBV Suppression by Nucleos(t)ide Analogues Reduces PD-1 Expression on Liver-Resident T Cells.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Navigating the Hepatic Immune Landscape With Fine Needle Aspiration of the Liver-An Emerging Technique.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025Article
- Novel and less invasive biomarker assays to measure liver ATP7B in Wilson disease patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Role of Liver Biopsy and Fine Needle Aspiration in Novel HBV Therapeutics in HIV and HBV Coinfection.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Investigating Human Liver Tissue-Resident Memory T Cells from the Perspectives of Gastroenterologists and Hepatologists.Gut and liver · 2025Review
- New Window Into Hepatitis B in Africa: Liver Sampling Combined With Single-Cell Omics Enables Deep and Longitudinal Assessment of Intrahepatic Immunity in Zambia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Article
- Differences in the intrahepatic expression of immune checkpoint molecules on T cells and natural killer cells in chronic HBV patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the HBV liver reservoir with fine needle aspirates.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023Article
- Efficacy of antiviral therapy and host-virus interactions visualised using serial liver sampling with fine-needle aspirates.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2023Article
- Immunological Monitoring in Hepatitis C Virus Controlled Human Infection Model.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Article
- Recent Insights into the Role of B Cells in Chronic Hepatitis B and C Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveIn order to refine new therapeutic strategies in the pipeline for HBV cure, evaluation of virological and immunological changes compartmentalised at the site of infection will be required. We therefore investigated if liver fine needle aspirates (FNAs) could comprehensively sample the local immune landscape in parallel with viable hepatocytes.
designMatched blood, liver biopsy and FNAs from 28 patients with HBV and 15 without viral infection were analysed using 16-colour multiparameter flow cytometry.
resultsThe proportion of CD4 T, CD8 T, Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell (MAIT), Natural Killer (NK) and B cells identified by FNA correlated with that in liver biopsies from the same donors. Populations of Programmed Death-1 (PD-1)
conclusionWe demonstrate for the first time that FNAs identify a range of intrahepatic immune cells including locally resident sentinel HBV-specific T cells and NK cells, together with PD-L1-expressing hepatocytes. In addition, we provide a scoring tool to estimate the extent to which an individual FNA has reliably sampled intrahepatic populations rather than contaminating blood. The broad profiling achieved by this less invasive, rapid technique makes it suitable for longitudinal monitoring of the liver to optimise new therapies for HBV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.