ArticleJournal of women's health (2002)2019
Increased Incidence of Endometrial Cancer Following the Women's Health Initiative: An Assessment of Risk Factors.
Article in Journal of women's health (2002), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06253494 (Pembrolizumab, Lenvatinib and IL-15 Superagonist N-803 in Combination With HER2 Targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Pembrolizumab, Lenvatinib and IL-15 Superagonist N-803 in Combination With HER2 Targeting Autologous Dendritic Cell (AdHER2DC) Vaccine in Participants With Advanced or Metastatic Endometrial Cancer
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 160 citations in OpenAlex.
- Isoflavone Consumption and Risk of Breast Cancer: An Updated Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Chances of pregnancy and live birth among women undergoing conservative management of early-stage endometrial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Human reproduction update · 2022Pooled it
- Adherence to Cancer Prevention Guidelines and Endometrial Cancer Risk: Evidence from a Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies.Cancer research and treatment · 2021Pooled it
- Role of Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) in Determining Survival of Patients With Endometrial Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.Technology in cancer research & treatmentPooled it
- Clinical and Biological Activity of Chemoimmunotherapy in Advanced Endometrial Adenocarcinoma: A Phase II Trial of the Big Ten Cancer Research Consortium.Cancer research communications · 2022Trial
- Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Fermented Soybean-Lettuce Powder for Improving Menopausal Symptoms.Nutrients · 2022Trial
- Lenvatinib Plus Pembrolizumab in Patients With Advanced Endometrial Cancer.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2020Trial
- Menopausal hormone therapy and primary liver cancer: long-term follow-up of the women's health initiative randomized trials.British journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Comparing multi-b-value diffusion models and ROI delineation strategies for prediction of p53 abnormality and microsatellite instability in endometrial cancer.BMC medical imaging · 2026Article
- Endometrial Mixed and Mixed-Feature Carcinomas: Small Cohort Clinicopathologic and Molecular Studies.Cancers · 2026Article
- Lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 (LEF1) immunostaining as a surrogate for β-catenin (Journal of clinical pathology · 2025Article
- SAMD4B: a novel prognostic biomarker of endometrial carcinoma.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Developing Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutics for Targeting the Microenvironment in Obesity-Induced Endometrial Cancer.Cellular and molecular bioengineering · 2025Article
- Beyond the Microscope: Integrating Liquid Biopsies into the Molecular Pathology Era of Endometrial Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Bioinformatics Analysis Identifies Lipid Droplet-Associated Gene Signatures as Promising Prognostic and Diagnostic Models for Endometrial Cancer.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Mechanisms and benefits of phytochemicals as an alternative therapeutic strategy in female cancers.Chinese herbal medicines · 2025Review
- Adenomyosis and endometrial cancer: determining its role as a biological contributor or incidental coexistence.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Evaluation of Endometrial Abnormalities in Asymptomatic Postmenopausal Women with Endometrial Thickening.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2025Article
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) database shows a variable increase in endometrial cancer incidence over time. The objective of this review was to examine published endometrial cancer rates and potential etiologies.
methodsEndometrial cancer incidence was obtained from the SEER Program database from 1975 through 2014, and a test for trend in incidence was calculated. Changes in risk factors thought to be associated with endometrial cancer, including age, obesity, diabetes, diet and exercise, reproductive factors, and medications (hormone therapy [HT] including Food and Drug Administration [FDA]-approved and non-FDA-approved [compounded] estrogens and progestogens, tamoxifen, and hormonal contraceptives) were found through PubMed searches. Temporal trends of risk factors were compared with endometrial cancer trends from SEER.
resultsAlthough endometrial cancer rates were constant from 1992 to 2002 (women 50-74 years of age), they increased 2.5% annually with a 10% increase from 2006 to 2012 (trend test 0.82). Use of approved prescription estrogen-progestogen combination products decreased after the publication of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) data, whereas other risk factors either remained constant or decreased during the same time; however, compounded bioidentical HT (CBHT) use increased coincident with the endometrial cancer increase.
conclusionEndometrial cancer rate increases after the first publication of WHI data in 2002 may be associated with the decreased use of approved estrogen-progestogen therapy, the increase in CBHT use, and the prevalence of obesity and diabetes; potential relationships require further evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.