ReviewInternational journal of molecular medicine2019
An integrative theory for cancer (Review).
Review in International journal of molecular medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Lipidomics analysis of ceramidase inhibition-induced intracellular lipid profile changes in lung cancer cells.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Review
- Molecular subtypes of breast cancer identified by dynamically enhanced MRI radiomics: the delayed phase cannot be ignored.Insights into imaging · 2024Article
- Sphingolipid-Based Synergistic Interactions to Enhance Chemosensitivity in Lung Cancer Cells.Cells · 2023Article
- Exploiting docetaxel-induced tumor cell necrosis with tumor targeted delivery of IL-12.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- PDIA2 Bridges Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Metabolic Reprogramming During Malignant Transformation of Chronic Colitis.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Targeting Metabolic Plasticity and Flexibility Dynamics for Cancer Therapy.Cancer discovery · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the integrative theory, chronic irritations induce tumors with genetic alterations and rapid proliferative ability. Tumor cells reprogram the metabolism and employ aerobic glycolysis to sustain rapid growth. The host provides both the nutrients and exhaust system to support tumor growth via the tumor microenvironment. Under certain conditions, such as aging, diabetes, obesity and a high‑fat diet, the exhaust system is impaired, triggering a metabolic imbalance between the tumor and host. This is similar to a problematic car with an advanced motor with an out‑of‑date exhaust system. The metabolic imbalance causes a metabolic catastrophe, making tumor cells reside in a dismal environment and forcing them to invade, metastasize and undergo necrosis. Tumor necrosis, particularly in metastases, leads to non‑specific systemic inflammation, which is the major cause of cancer‑related mortality. On the whole, the integrative theory views cancer in an integrative manner and proposes that both genetic alterations and tumor‑host interaction as regards metabolism and immunology determine the destiny of the tumor and host. Although cancer is a genetic disease, tumor biology is basically the nature of the host.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.