ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2018
The importance of study duration and spatial scale in pathogen detection-evidence from a tick-infested island.
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Distribution of ticks in the Western Palearctic: an updated systematic review (2015-2021).Parasites & vectors · 2023Pooled it
- Scrub typhus ecology: a systematic review of Orientia in vectors and hosts.Parasites & vectors · 2019Pooled it
- Identification and mapping of potential and highly likely vectors for selected vector-borne diseases in the EU and neighbouring countries.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Assessment of human health risks to tick-borne infections in urban green spaces (UGS) - a study protocol.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Ghosts of weather past? Impact of past and present weather-related factors on the seasonal questing activity of Ixodes ricinus nymphs in southwestern Finland.Parasites & vectors · 2025Article
- There Goes the Neighbourhood-A Multi-City Study Reveals Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens Commonly Occupy Urban Green Spaces.Zoonoses and public health · 2025Article
- Different environmental factors predict the occurrence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and reveal new potential risk areas across Europe via geospatial models.International journal of health geographics · 2025Article
- Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens Encountered by Dogs and Cats: A North European Perspective.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2025Article
- Temporal dynamics of theCurrent research in parasitology & vector-borne diseases · 2024Article
- Predicting habitat suitability for Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes persulcatus ticks in Finland.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- One Health Approach to Tick and Tick-Borne Disease Surveillance in the United Kingdom.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- The specificity of Babesia-tick vector interactions: recent advances and pitfalls in molecular and field studies.Parasites & vectors · 2021Review
- Global Distribution ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- One out of ten: low sampling efficiency of cloth dragging challenges abundance estimates of questing ticks.Experimental & applied acarology · 2020Article
- Enhanced threat of tick-borne infections within cities? Assessing public health risks due to ticks in urban green spaces in Helsinki, Finland.Zoonoses and public health · 2020Article
- Questing abundance of adult taiga ticks Ixodes persulcatus and their Borrelia prevalence at the north-western part of their distribution.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
- Recent establishment of tick-borne encephalitis foci with distinct viral lineages in the Helsinki area, Finland.Emerging microbes & infections · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea) are among the most common vectors of zoonotic pathogens worldwide. While research on tick-borne pathogens is abundant, few studies have thoroughly investigated small-scale spatial differences in their occurrence. Here, we used long-term cloth-dragging data of Ixodes ricinus and its associated, known and putative pathogens (Borrelia burgdorferi s.l., Borrelia miyamotoi, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Rickettsia spp., Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis, Bartonella spp., Babesia spp., and tick-borne encephalitis virus, TBEV) from a small, well-studied island in southwestern Finland to analyze potential temporal and spatial differences in pathogen prevalence and diversity between and within different biotopes. We found robust evidence indicating significant dissimilarities in B. burgdorferi s.l., A. phagocytophilum, Rickettsia, and Ca. N. mikurensis prevalence, even between proximal study areas on the island. Moreover, during the 6 years of the ongoing study, we witnessed the possible emergence of TBEV and Ca. N. mikurensis on the island. Finally, the stable occurrence of a protozoan pathogen that has not been previously reported in Finland, Babesia venatorum, was observed on the island. Our study underlines the importance of detailed, long-term tick surveys for public health. We propose that by more precisely identifying different environmental factors associated with the emergence and upkeep of enzootic pathogen populations through rigorous longitudinal surveys, we may be able to create more accurate models for both current and future pathogen distributions.
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