ArticleEMBO molecular medicine2018
CSF progranulin increases in the course of Alzheimer's disease and is associated with sTREM2, neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
Article in EMBO molecular medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review of progranulin concentrations in biofluids in over 7,000 people-assessing the pathogenicity of GRN mutations and other influencing factors.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Preclinical and clinical investigation of VES001, an oral small molecule sortilin receptor inhibitor for the treatment of frontotemporal dementia: a first-in-human randomized placebo-controlled phase 1 trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
- An Altered Relationship between Soluble TREM2 and Inflammatory Markers in Young Adults with Down Syndrome: A Preliminary Report.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Trial
- Blood-based multiplex nanobiosensing of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers: from nanoengineered ınterfaces to clinical translation.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Cross-cohort NULISAseq identifies tau-anchored CSF and plasma-specific signatures across the amyloid-positive Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Elevated plasma klotho levels attenuate Alzheimer's disease pathologies and cognitive decline in APOE ε4 carriers.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- CSF microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3A and 3B levels are associated with tau pathology and Alzheimer's disease risk through amyloid deposition and microglial signaling.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Immune dysfunction in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- The glymphatic system in neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors: mechanistic insights, biomarker advances, and therapeutic opportunities.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Review
- Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 Relates to Neuroaxonal Degeneration via Tau Pathology and Microglial Activation in Alzheimer's Disease.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Ablation of progranulin augments microglial activation and accelerates prion progression.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Development of AL101 (GSK4527226), a progranulin-elevating monoclonal antibody, as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- From Amyloid to Synaptic Dysfunction: Biomarker-Driven Insights into Alzheimer's Disease.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Complement C1q is associated with neuroinflammation and mediates the association between amyloid-β and tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Biomarkers and therapeutic strategies targeting microglia in neurodegenerative diseases: current status and future directions.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- Relationships of PGRN with sTREM2 in AD continuum and non-AD pathophysiology and their reciprocal roles in modulating amyloid pathology: two population-based study.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- PGRN as an emerging regulator of lipid metabolism in neurodegenerative diseases.Communications biology · 2025Review
- Plasma N-terminal tau fragment is an amyloid-dependent biomarker in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Cerebrospinal fluid β2-microglobulin promotes the tau pathology through microglia-astrocyte communication in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2025Article
- Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Lysosomal Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
29 authors at 10 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is predominantly expressed by microglia in the brain, and genetic and experimental evidence suggests a critical role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We asked whether PGRN expression is changed in a disease severity-specific manner in AD We measured PGRN in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in two of the best-characterized AD patient cohorts, namely the Dominant Inherited Alzheimer's Disease Network (DIAN) and the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). In carriers of AD causing dominant mutations, cross-sectionally assessed CSF PGRN increased over the course of the disease and significantly differed from non-carriers 10 years before the expected symptom onset. In late-onset AD, higher CSF PGRN was associated with more advanced disease stages and cognitive impairment. Higher CSF PGRN was associated with higher CSF soluble TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) only when there was underlying pathology, but not in controls. In conclusion, we demonstrate that, although CSF PGRN is not a diagnostic biomarker for AD, it may together with sTREM2 reflect microglial activation during the disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.