ArticleBMJ open2018
Case management in primary care for frequent users of healthcare services with chronic diseases and complex care needs: an implementation and realist evaluation protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Taunakitanga Takitini, Reframing Self-Management Support for All in Aotearoa New Zealand: Protocol for a Participatory Case Study Program of Research.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Usability and potential impact of a web-based literacy-oriented intervention for community-dwelling patients with complex care needs: a mixed methods case report.Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA · 2026Article
- Exploring caregiver perspectives on health service delivery priorities for individuals with complex care needs: a qualitative descriptive study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Citizen science for research in public health: perspective.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
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- Patient engagement in health implementation research: A logic model.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2023Article
- Implementation analysis of a case management intervention for people with complex care needs in primary care: a multiple case study across Canada.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Identifying complex patients in family medicine for potential benefit from a case manager: a short questionnaire derived from the INTERMED Self-Assessment (IMSA) questionnaire.BMC primary care · 2022Article
- Reconciling validity and challenges of patient comfort and understanding: Guidelines to patient-oriented questionnaires.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2022Article
- Patient and researcher experiences of patient engagement in primary care health care research: A participatory qualitative study.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2022Article
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- Case Management in Primary Care for Frequent Users of Health Care Services: A Realist Synthesis.Annals of family medicine · 2020Article
- Nursing Care Coordination in Primary Healthcare for Patients with Complex Needs: A Comparative Case Study.International journal of integrated careArticle
- Case Study With a Participatory Approach: Rethinking Pragmatics of Stakeholder Engagement for Implementation Research.Annals of family medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
41 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSignificant evidence in the literature supports case management (CM) as an effective intervention to improve care for patients with complex healthcare needs. However, there is still little evidence about the facilitators and barriers to CM implementation in primary care setting. The three specific objectives of this study are to: (1) identify the facilitators and barriers of CM implementation in primary care clinics across Canada; (2) explain and understand the relationships between the actors, contextual factors, mechanisms and outcomes of the CM intervention; (3) identify the next steps towards CM spread in primary care across Canada. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will conduct a multiple-case embedded mixed methods study. CM will be implemented in 10 primary care clinics in five Canadian provinces. Three different units of analysis will be embedded to obtain an in-depth understanding of each case: the healthcare system (macro level), the CM intervention in the clinics (meso level) and the individual/patient (micro level). For each objective, the following strategy will be performed: (1) an implementation analysis, (2) a realist evaluation and (3) consensus building among stakeholders using the Technique for Research of Information by Animation of a Group of Experts method. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study, which received ethics approval, will provide innovative knowledge about facilitators and barriers to implementation of CM in different primary care jurisdictions and will explain how and why different mechanisms operate in different contexts to generate different outcomes among frequent users. Consensual and prioritised statements about next steps for spread of CM in primary care from the perspectives of all stakeholders will be provided. Our results will offer context-sensitive explanations that can better inform local practices and policies and contribute to improve the health of patients with complex healthcare needs who frequently use healthcare services. Ultimately, this will increase the performance of healthcare systems and specifically mitigate ineffective use and costs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.