ArticleInternational journal of immunopathology and pharmacology
Kaempferol inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer HepG2 cells by down-regulation of microRNA-21.
Article in International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anticancer Potential of Selected Flavonols: Fisetin, Kaempferol, and Quercetin on Head and Neck Cancers.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Antiangiogenic Activity of Flavonoids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Pooled it
- Role of CD133 antibody-conjugated nanocarrier in enhancing the targetability of hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Study on antihepatocellular carcinoma effect of 6-shogaol and curcumin through network-based pharmacological and cellular assay.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Homotherapy for Heteropathy: A Molecular Mechanism of Poria Sini Decoction for Treatment of Liver Cancer and Chronic Heart Failure.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2024Article
- Plant-derived natural products and combination therapy in liver cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Hepatoprotective Effect of Kaempferol: A Review of the Dietary Sources, Bioavailability, Mechanisms of Action, and Safety.Advances in pharmacological and pharmaceutical sciences · 2023Review
- Therapeutic Importance of Kaempferol in the Treatment of Cancer through the Modulation of Cell Signalling Pathways.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Effect and mechanisms of kaempferol against endometriosis based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiments.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2022Article
- [Research progress of compound injection of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of liver cancer].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2022Review
- Powerful Antioxidants and Cytotoxic Activities of the Methanol Extracts from Eight Soybean Cultivars.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Chemical Structure, Sources and Role of Bioactive Flavonoids in Cancer Prevention: A Review.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Sensitization effect of kaempferol from persimmon leaves on HepG2 hepatoma cells with ABT-199 resistance and its molecular mechanisms.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway by Different Flavonoids: A Cancer Chemopreventive Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Antioxidant Role of Kaempferol in Prevention of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- The Hallmarks of Flavonoids in Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Kaempferol exhibits a synergistic effect with doxorubicin to inhibit proliferation, migration, and invasion of liver cancer.Oncology reports · 2021Article
- Polyphenols in the Mediterranean Diet: From Dietary Sources to microRNA Modulation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Roles of Therapeutic Bioactive Compounds in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2021-09-02Concerns/Issues about Data · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Manipulation of Images · Paper Mill · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
- Expression of concern · 2021-02-24Concerns/Issues about Data · Concerns/Issues about Image · Concerns/Issues about Results and/or Conclusions · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Paper Mill ·
- Expression of concern
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the most common and lethal cancers in human digestive system, which kills more than half a million people every year worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the effects of kaempferol, a flavonoid compound isolated from vegetables and fruits, on hepatic cancer HepG2 cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, as well as microRNA-21 (miR-21) expression. Cell viability was detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell proliferation was measured using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed using Guava Nexin assay. Cell migration and invasion were determined using two-chamber migration (invasion) assay. Cell transfection was used to change the expression of miR-21. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to analyze the expressions of miR-21 and phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN). Expression of key proteins involved in proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase 3/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) pathway were evaluated using western blotting. Results showed that kaempferol significantly inhibited HepG2 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis. Kaempferol remarkably reduce the expression of miR-21 in HepG2 cells. Overexpression of miR-21 obviously reversed the effects of kaempferol on HepG2 cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Moreover, miR-21 negatively regulated the expression of PTEN in HepG2 cells. Kaempferol enhanced the expression of PTEN and inactivated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in HepG2 cells. In conclusion, kaempferol inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of HepG2 cells by down-regulating miR-21 and up-regulating PTEN, as well as inactivating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.