ReviewToxins2018
The Fever Tree: from Malaria to Neurological Diseases.
Review in Toxins, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- First-in-human, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single and multiple ascending doses clinical study to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of cipargamin administered intravenously in healthy adults.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Trial
- Cinchona-based liquid formulation exhibits antifungal activity through Tryptophan starvation and disruption of mitochondrial respiration in Rhizoctonia Solani.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Synergistic Antiviral Activity of European Black Elderberry Fruit Extract and Quinine Against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virusa.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Quinine inhibits myogenic differentiation by disrupting AKT signaling pathway.Toxicological research · 2025Article
- Harnessing the power of natural alkaloids: the emergent role in epilepsy therapy.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- The Quest for Secondary Pharmaceuticals: Drug Repurposing/Chiral-Switches Combination Strategy.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2023Review
- Interactions between Natural Products-A Review.Metabolites · 2022Review
- A highly contiguous, scaffold-level nuclear genome assembly for the fever tree (GigaByte (Hong Kong, China) · 2022Article
- Article
- Early and Late Steps of Quinine Biosynthesis.Organic letters · 2021Article
- Familiar Dermatologic Drugs as Therapies for COVID-19.Actas dermo-sifiliograficas · 2021Review
- Multi-Enzyme Supplementation Modifies the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome in Breeding Hens.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Laurinterol from Laurencia johnstonii eliminates Naegleria fowleri triggering PCD by inhibition of ATPases.Scientific reports · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This article describes the discovery and use of the South American cinchona bark and its main therapeutic (and toxic) alkaloids, quinine and quinidine. Since the introduction of cinchona to Europe in the 17th century, it played a role in treating emperors and peasants and was central to colonialism and wars. Over those 400 years, the medical use of cinchona alkaloids has evolved from bark extracts to chemical synthesis and controlled clinical trials. At the present time, the use of quinine and quinidine has declined, to a large extent due to their toxicity. However, quinine is still being prescribed in resource-limited settings, in severe malaria, and in pregnant women, and quinidine made a limited comeback in the treatment of several cardiac and neurological syndromes. In addition, the article presents more recent studies which improved our understanding of cinchona alkaloids' pharmacology. The knowledge gained through these studies will hopefully lead to a wider use of these drugs in precision medicine and to design of new generation, safer quinine and quinidine derivatives.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.