ArticleJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology2019
Patient-derived, three-dimensional spheroid cultures provide a versatile translational model for the study of organ-confined prostate cancer.
Article in Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-throughput spheroid-based assay for functional breast cancer precision medicine facilitated by deep learning.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Luminal Stem-like Cells in High-Risk/Locally Advanced Prostate Cancer Promote Resistance to Hormonal Therapy.Theranostics · 2025Article
- A Review on Patient-derived 3D Micro Cancer Approach for Drug Screen in Personalized Cancer Medicine.Current cancer drug targets · 2025Review
- A promising breakthrough in pancreatic cancer research: The potential of spheroids as 3D models.BioImpacts : BI · 2025Review
- Defining the challenges and opportunities for using patient-derived models in prostate cancer research.The Prostate · 2024Review
- Tumor promoting effect of spheroids in an orthotopic prostate cancer mouse model.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Organoids: An Emerging Precision Medicine Model for Prostate Cancer Research.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Functional precision oncology using patient-derived assays: bridging genotype and phenotype.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2023Review
- Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement of Animal Experiments in Anticancer Drug Development: The Contribution of 3D In Vitro Cancer Models in the Drug Efficacy Assessment.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Experimental in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models in prostate cancer research.Nature reviews. Urology · 2023Review
- Preclinical and Clinical Research Models of Prostate Cancer: A Brief Overview.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Integrated analysis of the tumor microenvironment using a reconfigurable microfluidic cell culture platform.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Investigating Cutaneous Squamous Cell CarcinomaFrontiers in medicine · 2022Review
- Anti-Proliferative, Anti-Angiogenic and Safety Profiles of Novel HDAC Inhibitors for the Treatment of Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Live cell molecular analysis of primary prostate cancer organoids identifies persistent androgen receptor signaling.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2021Article
- Mechanical Studies of the Third Dimension in Cancer: From 2D to 3D Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Review
- Zebrafish Avatars towards Personalized Medicine-A Comparative Review between Avatar Models.Cells · 2020Review
- Review
- Addressing Patient Specificity in the Engineering of Tumor Models.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo generate and characterize 3D spheroid suspension cultures from radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens as a versatile model system for organ-confined prostate cancer (PCa).
methodsCancerous tissue samples from RP specimens were excised by a uropathologist. Preparation of 3D spheroids was done by mechanical disintegration and limited enzymatic digestion followed by serial filtration through 100 μm- and 40 μm-cell strainers. Thereafter, spheroids were cultured in a modified stem cell medium and characterized by a live/dead assay, whole-spheroid immunohistochemistry (IHC; CK5, CK8, AMACR, PSA, Ki67, AR, αSMA, Vimentin, E-Cadherin) and PSA-measurements in culture medium. Furthermore, their response to pharmaceutical treatment with docetaxel, bicalutamide, enzalutamide and abiraterone was tested.
results173 RP cases were included. The median preoperative PSA-level was 16.12 ng/ml [range 0.99;345], the median Gleason score was 7b [6;10]. 64 cases were excluded due to low tumor content in frozen sections (43) or to insufficient spheroid formation (21). In the remaining 109 cases, spheroids formed successfully and stayed viable for up to several months. IHC analysis revealed AR-, CK8-, and AMACR-positivity in nearly all cases, while CK5-positive cells were detectable only occasionally as were α-SMA and Vimentin. E-Cadherin was positive in most cases. Furthermore, spheroids proved to be amenable to cryopreservation. While abiraterone had no effect and docetaxel only a moderate effect, spheroid viability was markedly reduced upon bicalutamide and enzalutamide treatment.
conclusionsMulticellular 3D spheroids can be generated from patient-derived RP tissue samples and serve as an innovative in vitro model of organ-confined PCa.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.