ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
T-Cell Exhaustion in Chronic Infections: Reversing the State of Exhaustion and Reinvigorating Optimal Protective Immune Responses.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04517162 (Effect of Collagen-Polyvinylpyrrolidone for the Treatment of Hyperinflammation and the Pulmonary Fibrosis in COVID-19 Patients. Double Blind Placebo-controlled Pilot Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 218 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Collagen-Polyvinylpyrrolidone for the Treatment of Hyperinflammation and the Pulmonary Fibrosis in COVID-19 Patients. Double Blind Placebo-controlled Pilot Trial
Who cites it
218 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 338 citations in OpenAlex.
- The synergistic immunotherapeutic impact of engineered CAR-T cells with PD-1 blockade in lymphomas and solid tumors: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Hepatitis B virus reactivation in patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibition: systematic review with meta-analysis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Mitochondrial changes associated with viral infectious diseases in the paediatric population.Reviews in medical virology · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on the regulation of programmed cell death-1 on T-cells in type 2 diabetes.Medicine · 2021Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis: the effect of active cancer treatment on severity of COVID-19.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2020Pooled it
- Immunologic Change over 72 Weeks Following Raltegravir- Versus Efavirenz-Based Therapy in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Individuals in Vietnam.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2022Trial
- Horticultural Therapy Reduces Biomarkers of Immunosenescence and Inflammaging in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Feasibility Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2021Trial
- Elevated plasma sTIM-3 levels in patients with severe COVID-19.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Trial
- Omics Approaches in Hantavirus Research: Current Advances, Challenges, and Future Perspectives.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2026Review
- Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in glioblastoma: immunobiology and translational implications.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Review
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 4 and 6 Inhibitors: An Emerging Therapeutic Framework from Growth Suppression to Tumor Clearance.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Immunocyte senescence: A new perspective on the remodeling of the ovarian cancer microenvironment and therapeutic intervention.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- The role of tumor metabolic reprogramming in acquired anti-PD-1/PD-L1 resistance.Translational lung cancer research · 2026Review
- Water-Solubilized Curcuminoids Suppress Influenza A Virus Replication and Ameliorate Virus-Induced T-Cell Immune Dysfunction and Inflammatory Responses.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Transcription profiles of chicken liver and spleen in response to infection with avian pathogenic Escherichia coli at different stages.Poultry science · 2026Article
- The Human Virome in Infectious Diseases: Insights from Chronic and Acute Infections Across Body Sites-A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Phenotypes and mechanisms of dysfunctional cardiac T-lymphocytes in dilated cardiomyopathy patients.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2026Article
- Targeting epigenetic regulators to boost T cell immunotherapy against cancer.Cell & bioscience · 2026Review
- A distinct subset of stem-cell memory is poised for the cytotoxicity program in CD4Science advances · 2026Article
- Metabolic Basis of Post-Infectious Sequelae After Ebola Virus Disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
158 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
T-cell exhaustion is a phenomenon of dysfunction or physical elimination of antigen-specific T cells reported in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections as well as cancer. Exhaustion appears to be often restricted to CD8+ T cells responses in the literature, although CD4+ T cells have also been reported to be functionally exhausted in certain chronic infections. Although our understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with the transcriptional regulation of T-cell exhaustion is advancing, it is imperative to also explore the central mechanisms that control the altered expression patterns. Targeting metabolic dysfunctions with mitochondrion-targeted antioxidants are also expected to improve the antiviral functions of exhausted virus-specific CD8+ T cells. In addition, it is crucial to consider the contributions of mitochondrial biogenesis on T-cell exhaustion and how mitochondrial metabolism of T cells could be targeted whilst treating chronic viral infections. Here, we review the current understanding of cardinal features of T-cell exhaustion in chronic infections, and have attempted to focus on recent discoveries, potential strategies to reverse exhaustion and reinvigorate optimal protective immune responses in the host.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.