ArticleThe Journal of cell biology1988
Microtubule dynamics in nerve cells: analysis using microinjection of biotinylated tubulin into PC12 cells.
Article in The Journal of cell biology, 1988. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
- Towards a systems-level view of the microtubule cytoskeleton and its functions in physiology and disease.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- Development and Application of Technology for Neural Circuit Visualization - Secondary Publication.JMA journal · 2024Review
- Low-Dose Taxol Promotes Neuronal Axons Extension and Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury.Mediators of inflammation · 2023Article
- Super-resolution imaging and quantitative analysis of microtubule arrays in model neurons show that epothilone D increases the density but decreases the length and straightness of microtubules in axon-like processes.Brain research bulletin · 2022Article
- Presence of a carboxy-terminal pseudorepeat and disease-like pseudohyperphosphorylation critically influence tau's interaction with microtubules in axon-like processes.Molecular biology of the cell · 2016Article
- Neurodegeneration and microtubule dynamics: death by a thousand cuts.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2015Review
- Fast vesicle transport in PC12 neurites: velocities and forces.European biophysics journal : EBJ · 2004Article
- Kinesin superfamily protein 3 (KIF3) motor transports fodrin-associating vesicles important for neurite building.The Journal of cell biology · 2000Article
- Slow transport of unpolymerized tubulin and polymerized neurofilament in the squid giant axon.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1999Article
- Nonuniform microtubular polarity established by CHO1/MKLP1 motor protein is necessary for process formation of podocytes.The Journal of cell biology · 1998Article
- Real-time imaging of the axonal transport of granules containing a tissue plasminogen activator/green fluorescent protein hybrid.Molecular biology of the cell · 1998Article
- STOP proteins are responsible for the high degree of microtubule stabilization observed in neuronal cells.The Journal of cell biology · 1998Article
- Microtubule transport from the cell body into the axons of growing neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 1997Article
- Regulation of microtubule dynamics by the neuronal growth-associated protein SCG10.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1997Article
- Microtubule assembly in growing dendrites.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 1996Article
- Active transport of photoactivated tubulin molecules in growing axons revealed by a new electron microscopic analysis.The Journal of cell biology · 1996Article
- Tubulin transport in neurons.The Journal of cell biology · 1996Article
- Microtubule transport and assembly during axon growth.The Journal of cell biology · 1996Article
- Selective stabilization of tau in axons and microtubule-associated protein 2C in cell bodies and dendrites contributes to polarized localization of cytoskeletal proteins in mature neurons.The Journal of cell biology · 1996Article
- Polarity orientation and assembly process of microtubule bundles in nocodazole-treated, MAP2c-transfected COS cells.Molecular biology of the cell · 1995Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To study microtubule (MT) dynamics in nerve cells, we microinjected biotin-labeled tubulin into the cell body of chemically fused and differentiated PC12 cells and performed the immunofluorescence or immunogold procedure using an anti-biotin antibody followed by secondary antibodies coupled to fluorescent dye or colloidal gold. Incorporation of labeled subunits into the cytoskeleton of neurites was observed within minutes after microinjection. Serial electron microscopic reconstruction revealed that existing MTs in PC12 neurites incorporated labeled subunits mainly at their distal ends and the elongation rate of labeled segments was estimated to be less than 0.3 micron/min. Overall organization of MTs in the nerve cells was different from that in undifferentiated cells such as fibroblasts. Namely, we have not identified any MT-organizing centers from which labeled MTs are emanating in the cell bodies of the injected cells. Stereo electron microscopy revealed that some fully labeled segments seemed to start in the close vicinity of electron dense material within the neurites. This suggests new nucleation off some structures in the neurites. We have also studied the overall pattern of the incorporation of labeled subunits which extended progressively from the proximal part of the neurites toward their tips. To characterize the mechanism of tubulin incorporation, we have measured mean density of gold labeling per unit length of labeled segments at different parts of the neurites. The results indicate access of free tubulin subunits into the neurites and local incorporation into the neurite cytoskeleton. Our results lead to the conclusion that MTs are not static polymers but dynamic structures that continue to elongate even within the differentiated nerve cell processes.
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