ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2019
Hepatitis C Testing and Patient Characteristics in Washington State's Prisons Between 2012 and 2016.
Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Hepatitis C prevalence in incarcerated settings between 2013-2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2022Pooled it
- A scoping review on HCV screening strategies: population to screen and the test types.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence of blood-borne virus infections and uptake of hepatitis C testing and treatment in Australian prisons: the AusHep study.The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific · 2024Article
- Advancing Hepatitis C Elimination through Opt-Out Universal Screening and Treatment in Carceral Settings, United States.Emerging infectious diseases · 2024Review
- Estimates of Hepatitis C Seroprevalence and Viremia in State Prison Populations in the United States.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Racial differences in testing for infectious diseases: An analysis of jail intake data.PloS one · 2023Article
- CDC Recommendations for Hepatitis C Screening Among Adults - United States, 2020.MMWR. Recommendations and reports : Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Recommendations and reports · 2020Article
- Reply to MacDonald et al.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2020Article
- Prevalence of Viremic hepatitis C, hepatitis B, and HIV infection, and vaccination status among prisoners in Stockholm County.BMC infectious diseases · 2019Article
- A Decade of the National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention's Epidemiologic and Economic Modeling Agreement.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThere is no widely accepted testing approach for hepatitis C virus infection in correctional settings, and many U.S. prisons do not provide routine testing. The aim of this study was to determine the most effective hepatitis C virus testing strategy in one U.S. state prison and describe the population with reactive testing.
methodsA retrospective analysis was performed using individuals entering the Washington State prison system, which routinely offers hepatitis C virus testing, to compare routine opt-out with current recommendations for risk-based and one-time testing for individuals born between 1945 and 1965. Additionally, liver fibrosis stage was characterized using aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and Fibrosis-4 index. Analyses were conducted in 2017.
resultsBetween 2012 and 2016, a total of 24,567 (83%) individuals were tested for the hepatitis C virus antibody and 4,921 (20%) were reactive (test was positive). There were 2,403 (49%) that had hepatitis C virus RNA testing, with 1,727 (72%) showing chronic infection. Reactive antibody was more prevalent in individuals born between 1945 and 1965 compared with other years (44% vs 17%); however, most cases (72%) were outside of this cohort. Up to 35% of positive reactive tests would be missed with testing targeted by birth cohort and risk behavior. Of chronically infected individuals, 23% had at least moderate liver fibrosis.
conclusionsTargeted testing in the Washington State prison system missed a substantial proportion of hepatitis C virus cases; of those with reactive testing, a sizeable proportion of people had at least moderate liver disease, placing them at risk for complications. Routine testing at entry should be considered by U.S. state prisons.
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