SynthesisEuropean journal of clinical pharmacology2019
Efficacy of vitamin C for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. A meta-analysis in children.
Synthesis in European journal of clinical pharmacology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin C reduces the severity of common colds: a meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- A Rapid Advice Guideline for the Prevention of Novel Coronavirus Through Nutritional Intervention.Current nutrition reports · 2020Guideline
- Proton pump inhibitors use and dementia risk: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Pooled it
- Predictors of Dietary Supplement Use Among Children Attending Care and Educational Institutions in Krakow, Poland.Nutrients · 2024Observational
- Bias against Vitamin C in Mainstream Medicine: Examples from Trials of Vitamin C for Infections.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Influence factors for upper respiratory tract infection in Chinese rural children: A cross-sectional study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Article
- Effects of cefuroxime axetil combined with Xingpi Yanger granules on the serum gastrin, motilin, and somatostatin levels in children with upper respiratory tract infection accompanied by diarrhea: results of a randomized trial.Translational pediatrics · 2021Article
- Retraction Note: Efficacy of vitamin C for the prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infection. A meta-analysis in children.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Article
- Trends in Nutrient- and Non-Nutrient-Containing Dietary Supplement Use among US Children from 1999 to 2016.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Integrative pharmacological mechanism of vitamin C combined with glycyrrhizic acid against COVID-19: findings of bioinformatics analyses.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2021Article
- Commentary: The Long History of Vitamin C: From Prevention of the Common Cold to Potential Aid in the Treatment of COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Analysis of the Effect of Nursing Intervention on Children with Respiratory Tract Infection Based on Comprehensive Nursing.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2021Article
- The Role of Micronutrients to Support Immunity for COVID-19 Prevention.Revista brasileira de farmacognosia : orgao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia · 2021Review
- Overview of the possible role of vitamin C in management of COVID-19.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2020Review
- Article
- Consensus statement of the Italian society of pediatric allergy and immunology for the pragmatic management of children and adolescents with allergic or immunological diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2020Review
- Review
- COVID-19 and food allergy in children.Acta bio-medica : Atenei Parmensis · 2020Review
- Reflections on the COVID-19 Pandemic.Integrative medicine (Encinitas, Calif.) · 2020Article
- COVID-19 Outbreak: Pathogenesis, Current Therapies, and Potentials for Future Management.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2021-05-14Error in Analyses · Error in Data · Error in Methods · Objections by Third Party · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions · · see also: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00228-019-02733-x
- Commented on by
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeUpper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a common infection in children, generally caused by viral respiratory infection. Vitamin C is currently proposed as prophylaxis for URTI. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of vitamin C administration in children for the prevention and reduced duration of URTI through a systematic literature review.
methodsReview of the literature conducted between October 2017 and January 2018 in the main medical databases (CENTRAL, Medline and Embase) and by a gray literature approach. The selection criteria were: double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing vitamin C use to placebo in children aged 3 months to 18 years without chronic infection. Efficacy was assessed in terms of incidence, duration and severity of symptoms of URTI. A meta-analysis was conducted where possible.
resultsEight RCTs, including 3135 children aged 3 months to 18 years, were selected. Quantitative analysis showed no difference between vitamin C administration and placebo (odds ratio = 0.75, 95% CI [0.54-1.03], p = 0.07, I
conclusionsAlthough no preventive effects were found, vitamin C intake reduced the duration of URTI. Considering the frequency of URTI, the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics, and the safe nature of vitamin C, its supplementation is justified, especially in children under 6 years of age and those who present a high frequency of URTI. There is a sound rationale for further trials with greater statistical power among children of this age.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.