Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30465032›Full record

ArticlePathogens & immunity2018

Fungal Diseases in the 21st Century: The Near and Far Horizons.

Arturo Casadevall

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pathogens & immunity, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed, 101 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. A Comprehensive Overview ofJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Rapid Identification of Clinically RelevantJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Broad antibiosis activity ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Genotypic diversity, virulence, and molecular genetic tools inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. First Report of the Emerging PathogenJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Arturo CasadevallDepartment of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Synergy of Host Defense Mechanisms in the LungR01HL059842 · NHLBI · YESHIVA UNIVERSITY · PI CASADEVALL, ARTURO · 1997 to 2023
$7.4M
Biology of Fungal MelaninR01AI052733 · NIAID · YESHIVA UNIVERSITY · PI CASADEVALL, ARTURO · 2003 to 2019
$6.6M
PROTECTIVE ANTIBODIES FOR CRYPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONSR01AI033774 · NIAID · YESHIVA UNIVERSITY · PI CASADEVALL, ARTURO · 1994 to 2014
$5.6M
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF C NEOFORMANS ANTIBODIESR01AI033142 · NIAID · YESHIVA UNIVERSITY · PI CASADEVALL, ARTURO · 1994 to 2006
$1.7M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL059842NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI033142NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI033774NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI052733
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Fungal diseases became a major medical problem in the second half of the 20th century when advances in modern medicine together with the HIV epidemic resulted in large numbers of individuals with impaired immunity. Fungal diseases are difficult to manage because they tend to be chronic, hard to diagnose, and difficult to eradicate with antifungal drugs. This essay considers the future of medical mycology in the 21st century, extrapolating from current trends. In the near horizon, the prevalence of fungal diseases is likely to increase, as there will be more hosts with impaired immunity and drug resistance will inevitably increase after selection by antifungal drug use. We can expect progress in the development of new drugs, diagnostics, vaccines, and immunotherapies. In the far horizon, humanity may face new fungal diseases in association with climate change. Some current associations between chronic diseases and fungal infections could lead to the establishment of fungi as causative agents, which will greatly enhance their medical importance. All trends suggest that the importance of fungal diseases will increase in the 21st century, and enhanced human preparedness for this scourge will require more research investment in this group of infectious diseases.

Indexed as

diagnosticsdrug resistanceFungal Diseasesglobal warmingimmunotherapiesmycology

Identifiers

PMID30465032
PMCPMC6241320
OpenAlexW2894046225

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.