ReviewCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2018
Immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a brief review.
Review in Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06284746 (Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Tirelizumab Combined With Chemotherapy in the Treatment of HER-2 Negative Locally Advanced Resectable Gastric Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Tirelizumab Combined With Chemotherapy in the Treatment of HER-2 Negative Locally Advanced Resectable Gastric Cancer
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis based on mixed-effect models.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Nivolumab Hypersensitivity Reactions a Myth or Reality in Solid Tumors-A Systematic Review of the Literature.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2022Pooled it
- Exploring the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the etiology of myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome: A systematic review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Molecular subgroups and biomarker guided precision immunotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer: advances, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Linking tumour angiogenesis and tumour immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Innovations in cancer treatment as novel potential and the myth of personalized vaccines, immunotherapy, CRISPR/Cas9, and bacteriotherapy as promising therapeutic strategies.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Functional differences between rodent and human PD-1 linked to evolutionary divergence.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- The Double-Edged Sword of Immunotherapy-Durvalumab-Induced Polyendocrinopathy-Case Report.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Chemopreventive and Biological Strategies in the Management of Oral Potentially Malignant and Malignant Disorders.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibition in sarcomas - are we close to clinical implementation?Biomarker research · 2023Review
- Prospective Clinical Trials to Advance the Study of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Toxicity.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Pembrolizumab induced remission of recurrent and metastatic sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma after overcoming checkpoint-inhibitor pneumonitis: A case report and literature review.Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2023Review
- Risk of diabetes mellitus among users of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A population-based cohort study.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Association between Early Immune-Related Adverse Events and Survival in Patients Treated with PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- HLA inherence as a potential parameter in checkpoint inhibitor-associated autoimmune adverse event assessment.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- Bilateral corneal perforation in Ipilimumab/Nivolumab - associated peripheral ulcerative keratitis.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2022Article
- Bidirectional effects of intestinal microbiota and antibiotics: a new strategy for colorectal cancer treatment and prevention.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2022Review
- Emerging Management Approach for the Adverse Events of Immunotherapy of Cancer.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (icis) such as inhibitors of ctla-4, PD-1, and PD-L1, given as monotherapy or combination therapy have emerged as effective treatment options for immune-sensitive solid tumours and hematologic malignancies. The benefits of icis can be offset by immune-related adverse events (iraes) that leave all organ systems vulnerable and subsequently increase the risk for morbidity and mortality. Because of fluctuating onset and prolonged duration, the toxicities associated with iraes represent a shift from the understanding of conventional anticancer toxicities. The ctla-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors modulate T-cell response differently, resulting in distinct toxicity patterns, toxicity kinetics, and dose-toxicity relationships. Using individualized patient education, screening, and assessment for the early identification of iraes is key to proactive management and is therefore key to improving outcomes and prolonging therapy. Management of iraes is guided by appropriate grading, which sets the stage for the treatment setting (outpatient vs. inpatient), ici treatment course (delay vs. discontinuation), supportive care, corticosteroid use, organ specialist consultation, and additional immunosuppression. Health care professionals in oncology must work collaboratively with emergency and community colleagues to facilitate an understanding of iraes in an effort to optimize seamless care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.