ReviewHIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.)2018
Prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis among people living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa: a systemic review and meta-analysis.
Review in HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of tuberculosis in Ethiopia: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Rats sniff out pulmonary tuberculosis from sputum: a diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical spectrum of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at a tertiary care centre in Ghana: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Antiretroviral treatment does not prevent extrapulmonary tuberculosis during SIV/Mtb coinfection in macaques.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Epidemiology of tuberculosis and HIV coinfection among inpatients in chengdu, china, 2018-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Incidence and determinants of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Egypt: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Genomic characteristics of prospectively sequencediScience · 2024Article
- Targeted nanopore sequencing using clinical specimens for the rapid diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Cardiac Tuberculosis: A Case Series from Ethiopia, Italy, and Uganda and a Literature Review.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Review
- Unusual presentation of Pott disease and diagnostic challenges in a resource-limited setting: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2023Article
- Predictors of Viral Load and Medication Adherence Among HIV-Positive Adults Under Treatment at Felege-Hiwot Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North-West, Ethiopia.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
- Economic evaluation of microbiological and host biomarker-based tests for the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis in a high burden setting.Journal of thoracic disease · 2022Article
- Risk Factors for the Development of Tuberculosis Among HIV-Positive Adults Under Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy at Government Hospitals in Amhara Region, Ethiopia.International journal of general medicine · 2022Article
- Utility of line probe assay in detecting drug resistance and the associated mutations in patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.SAGE open medicine · 2022Article
- Active TB infection and its associated factors among HIV-1 infected patients at Jimma medical center, Southwest Ethiopia.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2021Article
- Extrapulmonary tuberculosis among migrants in Europe, 1995 to 2017.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2021Article
- Article
- Tuberculosis diagnostics: overcoming ancient challenges with modern solutions.Emerging topics in life sciences · 2020Review
- Cancer obscures extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) at a tertiary hospital in Northern Malawi.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe double burden of infectious diseases such as tuberculosis (TB) and HIV disproportionately affects Africa. Our objective was to summarize the prevalence of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
methodsWe searched PubMed and Google Scholar for studies done on the prevalence of EPTB among PLWHA which published in English from 1990 to 2017. We also searched bibliographic indices and browsed through reference lists of articles and journals. We critically appraised the quality of articles and abstracted the data with Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklists. We used Review Manager Software (version 5.3) and Compressive Meta-analysis Software (version 2.2) for analysis. Finally, we summarized the effect estimate by using random-effects model and explored potential sources of heterogeneity by subgroup and sensitivity analyses. We assessed publication bias by funnel plot and statistical test. Finally, we used PRISMA format for reporting.
resultsWe included, in this review, 31 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria, with a total population of 28,659. The prevalence estimate of EPTB among PLWHA ranged from 6.4% (95% CI: 3.8, 9.0) to 36.8% (95% CI: 28.6, 45); random-effects pooled prevalence of EPTB among PLWHA was found to be 20% (95% CI: 17, 22; heterogeneity: τ
conclusionWe can conclude from our analyses that the prevalence of EPTB among PLWHA was high. It is necessary to give emphasis for EPTB, especially when screening TB among PLWHA, widening the spectrum of screening to include all EPTB sites in the countries with high EPTB and/or HIV prevalence in the general population.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.