ArticlePloS one2018
Gender disparities in depression severity and coping among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kolkata, India.
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT02118454 (ART Adherence Behaviour and Practices Among HIV Positives in Kolkata, India-a Pilot Project), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
ART Adherence Behaviour and Practices Among HIV Positives in Kolkata, India-a Pilot Project
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Factors Associated with Depression and Anxiety in Adults ≥60 Years Old during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- HIV Social-network intervention more effective in older populations in Kenya.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdowns on Sex Workers in West Bengal, India.Journal of community health · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Analysis of the Relationship Between Internalized HIV Stigma, Perceived Social Support, Resilience, and Depressive Symptoms Among People Living with HIV in China: A Four-Wave Model.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- The role of self-efficacy and parental communication in the association between cyber victimization and depression among adolescents and young adults: a structural equation model.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Analysis of Factors Influencing Depression in Elderly People Living with HIV/AIDS Based on Structural Equation Model: A Cross-Sectional Study in Guangxi, China.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023Article
- "I hope I die. That is what I hope for": Qualitative study of lived experiences of mental health of Indian women living with HIV experiencing intersectional stigma.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- The Well-Being of the German Adult Population Measured with the WHO-5 over Different Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis within the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring Study (COSMO).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Article
- Dopaminergic impact of cART and anti-depressants on HIV neuropathogenesis in older adults.Brain research · 2019Review
- Correction: Gender disparities in depression severity and coping among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kolkata, India.PloS one · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
People living with HIV/AIDS (PLH) experience high rates of depression and related psychosocial risk factors that vary by gender. This study examines gender differences in depression severity among antiretroviral therapy (ART) patients (n = 362) from a large government ART clinic in Kolkata, India. Hypotheses for multiple linear regression models were guided by an integrated gendered stress process model focusing on variables reflecting social status (age, partner status), stressors (stigma), and resources (income, social support). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); 22% of the sample reached the cutoff for severe depression, 56% moderate, and 13% mild depression. Compared to men, women reported lower income, education (50% no formal education vs. 20% men), availability of emotional and instrumental support, and were less likely to be married or cohabiting (53% women vs. 72% of men). However, more women had partners who were HIV-positive (78% women vs. 46% men). Overall, depression severity was negatively associated with availability of emotional support and self-distraction coping, and positively associated with internalized HIV/AIDS stigma, availability of instrumental support, and behavioral disengagement coping. Interactions for instrumental support by income and partner status by age varied significantly by gender. Analyses stratified by gender indicated that: 1) Frequently seeking instrumental support from others was protective for men at all income levels, but only for high-income women; and 2) having a partner was protective for men as they aged, but not for women. These results suggest that gender disparities in depression severity are created and maintained by women's lower social status and limited access to resources. The effect of stigma on depression severity did not vary by gender. These findings may inform the tailoring of future interventions to address mental health needs of PLH in India, particularly gender disparities in access to material and social resources for coping with HIV. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov registration #NCT02118454, registered April 2014.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.