Observational studyAddiction (Abingdon, England)2019
Blunted stress reactivity reveals vulnerability to early life adversity in young adults with a family history of alcoholism.
Observational study in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early childhood stress responses to psychosocial stressors: The state of the science.Developmental psychobiology · 2022Pooled it
- Increased white blood cell in young adults with family histories of alcohol and other substance use disorders.Addiction biology · 2024Article
- Stress and substance use disorders: risk, relapse, and treatment outcomes.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- From childhood adversity to latent stress vulnerability in adulthood: the mediating roles of sleep disturbances and HPA axis dysfunction.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Review
- Implications of Cumulative Life Event Stress for Daily Stress Exposure and Cardiovascular Reactivity Among Black and White Americans.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023Article
- Adolescent girls' cardiovascular responses to peer rejection: exploring the impact of early life stress.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Early life adversity and increased antisocial and depressive tendencies in young adults with family histories of alcohol and other substance use disorders: Findings from the Family Health Patterns project.Addictive behaviors reports · 2022Article
- Effects of regular cannabis and nicotine use on acute stress responses: chronic nicotine, but not cannabis use, is associated with blunted adrenocortical and cardiovascular responses to stress.Psychopharmacology · 2022Article
- Mean Versus Variability: Disentangling Stress Effects on Alcohol Lapses Among Individuals in the First Year of Alcohol Use Disorder Recovery.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2021Article
- Early life adversity and appetite hormones: The effects of smoking status, nicotine withdrawal, and relapse on ghrelin and peptide YY during smoking cessation.Addictive behaviors · 2021Article
- Neurobiological mechanisms of early life adversity, blunted stress reactivity and risk for addiction.Neuropharmacology · 2021Review
- Integrative Review of Early Life Adversity and Cortisol Regulation in Pregnancy.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2021Review
- Stress-related suppression of peripheral cytokines predicts future relapse in alcohol-dependent individuals with and without subclinical depression.Addiction biology · 2020Article
- Cortisol stress response predicts 9-year risky driving convictions in male first-time driving-while-impaired offenders.Psychopharmacology · 2020Article
- The influence of stress and early life adversity on addiction: Psychobiological mechanisms of risk and resilience.International review of neurobiology · 2020Review
- Socioeconomic hardship and delayed reward discounting: Associations with working memory and emotional reactivity.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsPeople with blunted stress reactivity have poor impulse control and also show increased risk for alcoholism. Exposure to early life adversity (ELA) contributes to blunted reactivity, but individual differences in susceptibility to ELA are not well understood. This study aimed to determine whether exposure to ELA has a greater impact on stress reactivity in young adults with a family history of alcoholism (FH+) compared with young adults with no family history of alcoholism (FH-).
designObservational study using linear modeling.
settingOklahoma, USA.
participantsSeven hundred and nine young adults (398 females) recruited through community advertisement. MEASUREMENTS: We obtained heart rates and cortisol levels in subjects while undergoing public speaking and mental arithmetic stress compared with a resting control day (1418 test sessions). ELA was quantified as 0, 1 or > 1 adverse events experienced by age 15 years. FH+ people had one or two parents with an alcohol use disorder, and FH- controls had no such history for two generations.
findingsIncreasing levels of ELA predicted progressive blunting of cortisol and heart rate reactivity for the whole sample (Fs = 4.57 and 4.70, Ps ≤ 0.011), but examination by FH status showed that the effect of ELA was significant only among FH+ (Fs ≥ 3.5, Ps < 0.05) and absent in FH- (Ps > 0.40). This difference in ELA impact was not explained by the cortisol diurnal cycle or subjective evaluation of the stressors.
conclusionsPeople with a family history of alcoholism appear to be vulnerable, in terms of changes to physiological stress response, to the impact of exposure to early life adversity while people with no family history of alcoholism appear to be resilient. Blunted stress reactivity may reflect differential vulnerability to early life adversity in young adults with a family history of alcoholism.
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