ReviewDevelopmental psychobiology2019
Connection between gut microbiome and brain development in preterm infants.
Review in Developmental psychobiology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05648422 (Effect of the Nutritional Support System), which is not on this map. Cited by 80 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of the Nutritional Support System (NSS) on Neuromotor Alterations in Patients With Cerebral Palsy
Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Bibliometric analysis of human microbiota-associated animal model (2005-2025).Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Management of neonates at risk of early onset sepsis: a probability-based approach and recent literature appraisal : Update of the Swiss national guideline of the Swiss Society of Neonatology and the Pediatric Infectious Disease Group Switzerland.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Guideline
- Difference in the Intestinal Microbiota between Breastfeed Infants and Infants Fed with Artificial Milk: A Systematic Review.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Pooled it
- Growth and neuro-developmental outcomes of probiotic supplemented preterm infants-a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- A systematic review of the factors influencing microbial colonization of the preterm infant gut.Gut microbesPooled it
- Neurodevelopment and Growth 2 Years After Probiotic Supplementation in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Randomised Trial.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Trial
- Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of Multisensory Early Oral Administration of Human Milk (M-MILK) for Very Preterm Infants: Enhancing Stress Regulation, Neurodevelopment, and Oral Feeding Skills.Biological research for nursing · 2026Article
- The Gut Microbiome in Early Ontogeny: Implications for Brain and Immune System Development.Journal of developmental biology · 2026Review
- Intersectionality of early developmental risks and resilience after preterm birth.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- From microbes to milestones: Gut bacterial abundances and functional pathways associate with neurodevelopment following preterm birth.Gut microbiology · 2026Article
- The gut-brain ConNECtion: exploring the developmental impact of necrotizing enterocolitis on the neonatal brain.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Article
- Intestinal microbiome in very-preterm infants at one month of age and association with neurodevelopmental outcome.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Meconium metabolomic profiling dysregulation and neonatal brain injury in selective fetal growth restriction.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Early-life gut microbiome maturity regulates blood-brain barrier and cognitive development.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- How the gut microbiome shapes learning and memory: A comprehensive review.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2025Review
- Gut-Brain Axis in Preterm Infants with Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis.American journal of perinatology · 2025Review
- Dynamic Interactions between the Gut Microbiome, Health, and Metabolic Disorders in Preterm Infants.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Microbiome Gut-Brain-Axis: Impact on Brain Development and Mental Health.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Unexplained gut symptoms in extremely preterm infants are associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction at 5.5 years.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2025Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome in preterm infants predisposes the neonate to various major morbidities including neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis in the neonatal intensive care unit, and adverse neurological outcomes later in life. There are parallel early developmental windows for the gut microbiota and the nervous system during prenatal to postnatal of life. Therefore, preterm infants represent a unique population in which optimization of initial colonization and microbiota development can affect brain development and enhance neurological outcomes. In this review, we will first discuss the factors affecting the assembly of neonatal gut microbiota and the contribution of dysbiosis in preterm infants to neuroinflammation and neurodevelopmental disorders. We then will discuss the emerging pathways connecting the gut microbiome and brain development. Further we will discuss the significance of current models for alteration of the gut microbiome (including humanized gnotobiotic models and exposure to antibiotics) to brain development and functions. Understanding the role of early optimization of the microbiome in brain development is of paramount importance for developing microbiome-targeted therapies and protecting infants from prematurity-related neurodevelopmental diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.