ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2018
Anakinra Therapy for Non-cancer Inflammatory Diseases.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 166 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
166 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 277 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anakinra use in pediatric kawasaki disease: inflammation control, coronary artery outcomes, and safety.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2026Pooled it
- Interleukin-receptor antagonist and tumour necrosis factor inhibitors for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Targeting Inflammatory Mediators in Epilepsy: A Systematic Review of Its Molecular Basis and Clinical Applications.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Pooled it
- Anakinra for patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis of non-randomized cohort studies.European journal of internal medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The right place of interleukin-1 inhibitors in the treatment of Behçet's syndrome: a systematic review.Rheumatology international · 2019Pooled it
- Update of the recommendations of the Sociedade Portuguesa de Cuidados Intensivos and the Infection and Sepsis Group for the approach to COVID-19 in Intensive Care Medicine.Revista Brasileira de terapia intensivaPooled it
- Anakinra in Sanfilippo syndrome: a phase 1/2 trial.Nature medicine · 2024Trial
- Pilot Study of IL-1 Antagonist Anakinra for Treatment of Endometriosis.International journal of women's health · 2024Trial
- Cytokine multimerization: when more is more and sometimes less.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Refractory Relapsing-Remitting Adult-Onset Still's Disease in an Adolescent Female: A Rare Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Enhanced efficacy of a next-generation EEEV self-replicating RNA platform for combination cancer immunotherapies.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Article
- Importance of the inflammasome in gut-brain axis: from pathological driver to therapeutic target.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Integrative bioinformatics and experimental validation identify IL1A as a novel therapeutic target for diabetic wound healing.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Designing and Evaluation of a Novel IL-1RA Fusion Cytokine to Enhance the Pharmacokinetics and Receptor Affinity for Better Therapeutic Intervention in Inflammatory Disorders.Current computer-aided drug design · 2026Article
- Macrophage IL-1β turns meningeal fibroblasts into inflammatory amplifiers in pneumococcal infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Systemic sclerosis-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension and pulmonary fibrosis: exploring biomarker discriminators with advanced omics in a Caucasian cohort.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Inflammasomes in Oral Pathologies: From Periodontal Disease to Oral Cancer.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2026Review
- Immunopathological mechanisms and targeted intervention strategies for chronic chikungunya arthritis: from viral persistence to autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is the prototypical inflammatory cytokine: two distinct ligands (IL-1α and IL-1β) bind the IL-1 type 1 receptor (IL-1R1) and induce a myriad of secondary inflammatory mediators, including prostaglandins, cytokines, and chemokines. IL-1α is constitutively present in endothelial and epithelial cells, whereas IL-1β is inducible in myeloid cells and released following cleavage by caspase-1. Over the past 30 years, IL-1-mediated inflammation has been established in a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from rare autoinflammatory diseases to common conditions such as gout and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, and acute myocardial infarction. Blocking IL-1 entered the clinical arena with anakinra, the recombinant form of the naturally occurring IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra); IL-1Ra prevents the binding of IL-1α as well as IL-1β to IL-1R1. Quenching IL-1-mediated inflammation prevents the detrimental consequences of tissue damage and organ dysfunction. Although anakinra is presently approved for the treatment of RA and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, off-label use of anakinra far exceeds its approved indications. Dosing of 100 mg of anakinra subcutaneously provides clinically evident benefits within days and for some diseases, anakinra has been used daily for over 12 years. Compared to other biologics, anakinra has an unparalleled record of safety: opportunistic infections, particularly
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.