ArticlePloS one2018
Targeting inhaled aerosol delivery to upper airways in children: Insight from computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Article in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Increasing Nebulizer Spray Efficiency Using a Baffle with a Conical Surface: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Small scale electrostatically-driven aerosol deposition inFrontiers in physiology · 2025Article
- Dry powder inhaler design and particle technology in enhancing Pulmonary drug deposition: challenges and future strategies.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2024Review
- Tracheomalacia Reduces Aerosolized Drug Delivery to the Lung.Journal of aerosol medicine and pulmonary drug delivery · 2024Article
- A Novel Trans-Tracheostomal Retrograde Inhalation Technique Increases Subglottic Drug Deposition Compared to Traditional Trans-Oral Inhalation.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- In vitro-in silico correlation of three-dimensional turbulent flows in an idealized mouth-throat model.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Spatial aerosol deposition correlated to anatomic feature development in 6-year-old upper airway computational models.Computers in biology and medicine · 2022Article
- Ventilation-induced epithelial injury drives biological onset of lung trauma in vitro and is mitigated with prophylactic anti-inflammatory therapeutics.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2022Article
- Advanced human-relevant in vitro pulmonary platforms for respiratory therapeutics.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2021Review
- How severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 aerosol propagates through the age-specific upper airways.Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994) · 2021Article
- Polydisperse Aerosol Transport and Deposition in Upper Airways of Age-Specific Lung.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Differences between cigarette smoking and biomass smoke exposure: An in silico comparative assessment of particulate deposition in the lungs.Environmental research · 2021Article
- A whole lung in silico model to estimate age dependent particle dosimetry.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Measurements of deposited aerosol dose in infants and small children.Annals of translational medicine · 2021Review
- Focused targeting of inhaled magnetic aerosols in reconstructed in vitro airway models.Journal of biomechanics · 2021Article
- Flow and Particle Modelling of Dry Powder Inhalers: Methodologies, Recent Development and Emerging Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Computational fluid dynamic models as tools to predict aerosol distribution in tracheobronchial airways.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- In silico optimization of targeted aerosol delivery in upper airways via Inhaled Volume Tracking.Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon) · 2020Article
- In Silico Optimization of Fiber-Shaped Aerosols in Inhalation Therapy for Augmented Targeting and Deposition across the Respiratory Tract.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- AVATREE: An open-source computational modelling framework modelling Anatomically Valid Airway TREE conformations.PloS one · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the prevalence of inhalation therapy in the treatment of pediatric respiratory disorders, most prominently asthma, the fraction of inhaled drugs reaching the lungs for maximal efficacy remains adversely low. By and large drug delivery devices and their inhalation guidelines are typically derived from adult studies with child dosages adapted according to body weight. While it has long been recognized that physiological (e.g. airway sizes, breathing maneuvers) and physical transport (e.g. aerosol dynamics) characteristics are critical in governing deposition outcomes, such knowledge has yet to be extensively adapted to younger populations. Motivated by such shortcomings, the present work leverages in a first step in silico computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to explore opportunities for augmenting aerosol deposition in children based on respiratory physiological and physical transport determinants. Using an idealized, anatomically-faithful upper airway geometry, airflow and aerosol motion are simulated as a function of age, spanning a five year old to an adult. Breathing conditions mimic realistic age-specific inhalation maneuvers representative of Dry Powder Inhalers (DPI) and nebulizer inhalation. Our findings point to the existence of a single dimensionless curve governing deposition in the conductive airways via the dimensionless Stokes number (Stk). Most significantly, we uncover the existence of a distinct deposition peak irrespective of age. For the DPI simulations, this peak (∼ 80%) occurs at Stk ≈ 0.06 whereas for nebulizer simulations, the corresponding peak (∼ 45%) occurs in the range of Stk between 0.03-0.04. Such dimensionless findings hence translate to an optimal window of micron-sized aerosols that evolves with age and varies with inhalation device. The existence of such deposition optima advocates revisiting design guidelines for optimizing deposition outcomes in pediatric inhalation therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.