ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2019
Autocrine VEGF signalling on M2 macrophages regulates PD-L1 expression for immunomodulation of T cells.
Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Combined Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and Anti-angiogenic Therapy: An Emerging Direction for Future NSCLC Treatment.Current treatment options in oncology · 2026Review
- Embryonic and postnatal macrophages are necessary for proper tooth development and homeostasis.Nature communications · 2026Article
- VEGF-A blockade overcomes liver metastases resistance to chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Synergistic Sunlight-Activated Photodynamic and Near-Infrared-Induced Mild Photothermal Therapy for Infected Wound Healing Using Functionalized Nano-BiAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Tumor Anti-Angiogenesis Therapy and Its Influence on Immune Cell Function in the Tumor Microenvironment.Cancer medicine · 2026Review
- Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) biology and its proposed role in rheumatic diseases pathogenesis.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2026Article
- LMO1 expression in neuroblastoma cells reprograms tumor-associated macrophages to promote metastasis.iScience · 2026Article
- Progression-free survival 3 of 22 months achieved through third-line therapy with adebrelimab in patient with recurrent chordoma: a case report.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Macrophages in Acute Pancreatitis: From Inflammatory Initiators to Repair Coordinators and Targeted Therapeutics.Mediators of inflammation · 2026Review
- Understanding the immunomodulatory mechanisms for natural products that overcome tumor chemoresistance to platinum-based cancer drugs and other treatments.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- A Novel Prognostic Signature Composed of Autophagy and Liver Metastasis in Colorectal Cancer: Comprehensive Analysis of Bulk and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Data.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Article
- Identification and Validation of FOXK1-Related Biomarkers in Diabetic Retinopathy.International journal of general medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting USP22 reprograms the tumor microenvironment and sensitizes KRAS/p53-driven lung cancer to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.Theranostics · 2026Article
- Interplay of HIF-1α, SMAD2, and VEGF signaling in hypoxic renal environments: impact on macrophage polarization and renoprotection.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Vitiligo Signature-Based Drug Screening Identifies Fulvestrant as a Novel Immunotherapy Combination Strategy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- CD68- and CD163-positive tumor-associated macrophages in renal clear cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Antitumor and Antiangiogenic Effect of Tannic Acid in the Advanced Stage of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Enhancing Colorectal Cancer Treatment Through VEGF/VEGFR Inhibitors and Immunotherapy.Current treatment options in oncology · 2025Review
- Integrative Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Identifies a Macrophage-Related Prognostic Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Therapy Responses in Colorectal Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving HAIC-Based Conversion Hepatectomy: A Dual-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
M2-polarized macrophages, on one hand, can promote tumour vascularization by producing proangiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). On the other hand, the expression of VEGF receptors (VEGFR) in this cell lineage was also reported. Although the function of VEGF/VEGFR axis plays a pivotal role in macrophages infiltration and angiogenesis, however, there is still lack of the direct evidence to show the role of VEGF as an autocrine operating in M2 macrophages, particularly for immunomodulation. In our study, we surprisingly discovered that M2 macrophages polarized by baicalin can simultaneously express VEGF and its receptors. Taking advantage of this unique culture system, we were able to investigate the biological activity of M2 macrophages in response to the autocrine VEGF milieu. Our results showed that the expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) on M2 macrophages was significantly up-regulated in autocrine VEGF milieu. Through the blockade of autocrine VEGF signalling, PD-L1 expression on M2 macrophages was dramatically down-regulated. Furthermore, transplantation of PD-L1
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