Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30456440›Full record

ArticleJournal of molecular evolution2018

Folding, Assembly, and Persistence: The Essential Nature and Origins of Biopolymers.

Calvin M Runnels, Kathryn A Lanier, Justin Krish Williams, Jessica C Bowman, Anton S Petrov, Nicholas V Hud, Loren Dean Williams

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of molecular evolution, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
3.8field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 80 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Protopeptide backbone affects assembly in aqueous solutions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  4. Science of the gaps.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  5. Thermodynamics of calcium binding to heparin: Implications of solvation and water structuring for polysaccharide biofunctions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Solvent constraints for biopolymer folding and evolution in extraterrestrial environments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Calvin M RunnelsSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Kathryn A LanierSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Justin Krish WilliamsSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Jessica C BowmanSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Anton S PetrovSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Nicholas V HudSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
Loren Dean WilliamsSchool of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA. ldw@gatech.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7215-4194
Georgia Institute of Technology · US

Funding

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US) NNX16AJ28G and NNX16AJ29G
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Life as we know it requires three basic types of polymers: polypeptide, polynucleotide, and polysaccharide. Here we evaluate both universal and idiosyncratic characteristics of these biopolymers. We incorporate this information into a model that explains much about their origins, selection, and early evolution. We observe that all three biopolymer types are pre-organized, conditionally self-complementary, chemically unstable in aqueous media yet persistent because of kinetic trapping, with chiral monomers and directional chains. All three biopolymers are synthesized by dehydration reactions that are catalyzed by molecular motors driven by hydrolysis of phosphorylated nucleosides. All three biopolymers can access specific states that protect against hydrolysis. These protected states are folded, using self-complementary interactions among recurrent folding elements within a given biopolymer, or assembled, in associations between the same or different biopolymer types. Self-association in a hydrolytic environment achieves self-preservation. Heterogeneous association achieves partner-preservation. These universal properties support a model in which life's polymers emerged simultaneously and co-evolved in a common hydrolytic milieu where molecular persistence depended on folding and assembly. We believe that an understanding of the structure, function, and origins of any given type of biopolymer requires the context of other biopolymers.

Indexed as

AnimalsBiopolymersCatalysisHumansPeptidesPolymersPolynucleotidesPolysaccharidesProtein FoldingRNA FoldingBiopolymersPeptidesPolymersPolynucleotidesPolysaccharidesAssemblyCarbohydrateFoldingPolynucleotideProteinSelf-complementarity

Identifiers

PMID30456440
PMCPMC6267704
OpenAlexW2901803850

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.