ArticleAfrican journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence2018
Estimated injury-associated blood loss versus availability of emergency blood products at a district-level public hospital in Cape Town, South Africa.
Article in African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Facilitators and barriers to blood and blood product accessibility and use in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.Frontiers in health services · 2026Pooled it
- Association between volume resuscitation & mortality among injured patients at a tertiary care hospital in Kigali, Rwanda.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2021Article
- Damage Control Laparotomy: High-Volume Centers Display Similar Mortality Rates Despite Differences in Country Income Level.World journal of surgery · 2020Article
- Utilisation of emergency blood in a cohort of South African emergency centres with no direct access to a blood bank.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionInternational guidance suggests that injury-associated haemorrhagic shock should be resuscitated using blood products. However, in low- and middle-income countries resuscitation emphasises the use of crystalloids - mainly due to poor access to blood products. This study aimed to estimate the amount of blood loss from serious injury in relation to available emergency blood products at a secondary-level, public Cape Town hospital.
methodsThis retrospective, cross-sectional study included all injured patients cared for in the resuscitation area of Khayelitsha Hospital's emergency centre over a fourteen-week period. Injuries were coded using the Abbreviated Injury Scale, which was then used to estimate blood loss for each patient using an algorithm from the Trauma Audit Research Network. Descriptive statistics were used to describe blood volume lost and blood units required to replace losses greater than 15% circulating blood volume. Four units of emergency blood are stored in a dedicated blood fridge in the emergency centre. Platelets and fresh plasma are not available.
resultsA total of 389 injury events were enrolled of which 93 were excluded due to absent clinic data. The mean age was 29 (±10) years. We estimated a median of one unit of blood requirement per week or weekend, up to a maximum of eight or six units, respectively. Most patients (n = 275, 94%) did not have sufficient injury to warrant transfusion. Overall, one person would require a transfusion for every 15 persons with a moderate to serious injury.
conclusionThe volume of available emergency blood appears inadequate for injury care, and doesn't consider the need for other causes of acute haemorrhage (e.g. gastric, gynaecological, etc.). Furthermore, lack of other blood components (i.e. plasma and platelets) presents a challenge in this low-resourced setting. Further research is required to determine the appropriate management of injury-associated haemorrhage from a resource and budget perspective.
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