ReviewEvolution, medicine, and public health2018
Influenza, evolution, and the next pandemic.
Review in Evolution, medicine, and public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Research progress on the association between viruses and cardiac diseases.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- IFITM3-deficient mice as a model for testing influenza virus vaccines via the intramuscular route.Vaccine · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and oncolytic EV-D68-encoded proteases differentially regulate pyroptosis.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Treating COVID-19: Targeting the Host Response, Not the Virus.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Enhancing global health security in Thailand: Strengths and challenges of initiating a One Health approach to avian influenza surveillance.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2022Article
- Influenza virus replication in cardiomyocytes drives heart dysfunction and fibrosis.Science advances · 2022Article
- A conserved multi-epitope-based vaccine designed by targeting hemagglutinin protein of highly pathogenic avian H5 influenza viruses.3 Biotech · 2020Article
- What do differences in case fatality ratios between children and adults tell us about COVID-19?The European respiratory journal · 2020Article
- Influenza pandemic preparedness: A special challenge for India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2019Article
- Pathogen Lists Do Not Tell Us What We Need to Do.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2019Article
- MultiBac: Baculovirus-Mediated Multigene DNA Cargo Delivery in Insect and Mammalian Cells.Viruses · 2019Review
- Catalytic inactivation of influenza virus by iron oxide nanozyme.Theranostics · 2019Article
- The influenza of 1918: Evolutionary perspectives in a historical context.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mortality rates in influenza appear to have been shaped by evolution. During the 1918 pandemic, mortality rates were lower in children compared with adults. This mortality difference occurs in a wide variety of infectious diseases. It has been replicated in mice and might be due to greater tolerance of infection, not greater resistance. Importantly, combination treatment with inexpensive and widely available generic drugs (e.g. statins and angiotensin receptor blockers) might change the damaging host response in adults to a more tolerant response in children. These drugs might work by modifying endothelial dysfunction, mitochondrial biogenesis and immunometabolism. Treating the host response might be the only practical way to reduce global mortality during the next influenza pandemic. It might also help reduce mortality due to seasonal influenza and other forms of acute critical illness. To realize these benefits, we need laboratory and clinical studies of host response treatment before and after puberty.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.