Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30455384›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2018

Barriers to and discourses about breast cancer prevention among immigrant women in Spain: a qualitative study.

Sebastià March, Barbara Villalonga, Carmen Sanchez-Contador, Clara Vidal, Aina Mascaro, Maria de Lluc Bennasar, Magdalena Esteva

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Factors Influencing Physical Activity Participation among Midlife Immigrant Women: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Pooled it
  2. Review
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  7. Breast Cancer Myths, Mysterious Miracles and Mistrust among Rural Womenfolk in Sarawak.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025
    Article
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  15. Knowledge, Perceptions, and Satisfaction of Moroccan Women Towards a New Breast Cancer Screening Program in Morocco.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sebastià MarchResearch Unit, Primary Care Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
Barbara VillalongaArquitecto Bennassar Health Center, Majorca Primary Care Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, Palma, Spain.
Carmen Sanchez-ContadorBalearic Department of Health, Breast Cancer Early Detection Program, Palma, Spain.
Clara VidalResearch Unit, Primary Care Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
Aina MascaroMajorca Primary Care Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, Palma, Spain.
Maria de Lluc BennasarResearch Unit, Primary Care Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
Magdalena EstevaResearch Unit, Primary Care Department, Balearic Islands Health Service, Balearic Islands Health Research Institute (IdISBa), Palma, Spain.
Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesTo identify knowledge, barriers and discourses about breast cancer screening in Spain among female immigrants from low-income countries and native Spanish women from a low socioeconomic class.

designQualitative interview study with thematic analysis interpreted using cultural mediators.

settingMallorca, Spain.

participantsThirty-six in-depth interviews, using cultural mediators, of immigrant women living in Mallorca who were 50-69 years old and were from Maghreb, Sub-Saharan Africa, Eastern Europe, Latin America, China or were native to Spain and from a low socioeconomic class.

resultsWe analysed the interviews to assess breast cancer perceptions and beliefs, discourses about breast cancer prevention and barriers to accessing breast cancer prevention programmes. Although the women reported an association of breast cancer with death, they acknowledged the effectiveness of early detection. They also exhibited reluctance to talk about cancer. Discourses about cancer prevention tended to be proactive or fatalistic, depending on the woman's country of origin. For all women, fear of results and lack of time were barriers that limited participation in breast cancer prevention programmes. Language barriers, frequent changes of residence and fear due to status as an irregular (undocumented) immigrant were barriers specific to immigrant women.

conclusionsThe culture of origin affects whether an immigrant has a fatalistic or proactive approach toward breast cancer screening. Immigrants from low-income countries and Spanish natives from a low socioeconomic class experience barriers in access to breast cancer screening. Frequently changing homes is also a barrier for immigrant women.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAgedBreast NeoplasmsCommunication BarriersEarly Detection of CancerEmigrants and ImmigrantsFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansLanguageMammographyMass ScreeningMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchSocioeconomic FactorsSpainculturegender and healthimmigrationmammographypreventionsocial position

Identifiers

PMID30455384
PMCPMC6252688
OpenAlexW2901756749

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.