ArticleOptometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry2018
Scotoma Simulation in Healthy Subjects.
Article in Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Simulating Macular Degeneration to Investigate Activities of Daily Living: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Customizing spatial remapping of letters to aid reading in the presence of a simulated central field loss.Journal of vision · 2024Article
- Opportunities and Limitations of a Gaze-Contingent Display to Simulate Visual Field Loss in Driving Simulator Studies.Frontiers in neuroergonomics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
significanceThis article shows a successful concept for simulating central scotoma, which is associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in healthy subjects by an induced dark spot at the retina using occlusive contact lenses. The new concept includes a control mechanism to adjust the scotoma size through controlling pupil size without medication. Therefore, a miniaturized full-field adaptation device was used. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to design a novel concept to simulate AMD scotoma in healthy subjects using occlusive contact lenses.
methodsTo define an optimal set of lens parameters, we constructed an optical model and considered both the anatomical pupil diameter and the opaque central zone diameter of the contact lens. To adjust the scotoma size, we built a miniaturized full-field adaptation device. We demonstrate the validity of this novel concept by functional measurements of visual fields using automated threshold perimetry. Finally, we conducted a perception study including two tasks, consisting of pictograms and letters. The stimuli were presented at different eccentricities and magnifications.
resultsThe visual fields of all 10 volunteers exhibited absolute scotomas. The loss of contrast sensitivity ranged within 27 and 36 dB (P < .05), and the scotoma localizations were nearly centered to the macula (mean variation, 2.0 ± 4.8° horizontally; 3.5 ± 4.7° vertically). The eccentric perception of letters showed the largest numbers of correctly identified stimuli. The perception of pictograms showed significantly reduced numbers (P < .0001) and revealed a dependency on magnification. The results suggest that best perception is possible for magnified stimuli near the scotoma.
conclusionsWe demonstrated that the creation of an absolute simulated AMD scotoma is possible using occlusive contact lenses combined with a miniaturized full-field adaptation device.
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