ReviewIndian journal of ophthalmology2018
Choroidal biomarkers.
Review in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rethinking choriocapillaris OCTA interpretation-The case of optics misleading biology.Eye (London, England) · 2026Article
- Reduced ocular perfusion after intravitreal Aflibercept and faricimab: an exploratory study for Tie2 receptor distribution in ophthalmic capillaries.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Bilateral multiple evanescent white dot syndrome documented and followed by swept-source OCT angiography: a case report.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2025Article
- Evaluation of changes in mean choroidal thickness before and after treatment with steroids and laser photocoagulation in patients with Eales' disease.International journal of retina and vitreous · 2025Article
- Different clinical presentations of persistent placoid maculopathy: a case series.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Analysis of choroidal markers of activity in pachychoroid disease spectrum.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2025Observational
- Association of hypertension defined by the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline and choroidal thickness changes in type 2 diabetes: a 2-year longitudinal study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Macular and peripapillary Choroidal Vascularity Index in children with different refractive status.Eye (London, England) · 2024Article
- Assessment of interocular symmetry of choroidal vascularity index and thickness in patients with systemic sclerosis: a prospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Choroidal Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography: Noninvasive Choroidal Vessel Analysis via Deep Learning.Health data science · 2024Article
- Interocular Symmetry of Choroidal Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy with and without Diabetic Macular Edema.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease in a patient with extreme anisometropia.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2023Article
- The Choroidal Vascularity Index Versus Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in the Evaluation of the Choroid with a Focus on Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Tomography (Ann Arbor, Mich.) · 2023Review
- Changes in choriocapillaris structure occurring in idiopathic macular hole before and after vitrectomy.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2023Observational
- Choroidal structural changes in airline pilots and cabin crew.International ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Optical coherence tomography biomarkers as predictors of transition to chronic central serous chorioretinopathy after retinal laser photocoagulation.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2023Article
- Application of preoperative three-dimensional reconstruction combined with fluorescence imaging in simultaneous bilateral single-port thoracoscopic anatomical pneumonectomy.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
- Sympathetic ophthalmia: A comprehensive update.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
- Correlation between Subfoveal Choroidal Thickness and Anterior Segment Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Stage of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2022Article
- Choroidal macrovessels: multimodal imaging findings and review of the literature.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A structurally and functionally intact choroid tissue is vitally important for the retina function. Although central retinal artery is responsible to supply the inner retina, choroidal vein network is responsible for the remaining one-third of the external part. Abnormal choroidal blood flow leads to photoreceptor dysfunction and photoreceptor death in the retina, and the choroid has vital roles in the pathophysiology of many diseases such as central serous chorioretinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, pathologic myopia, Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Biomarkers of choroidal diseases can be identified in various imaging modalities that visualize the choroid. Indocyanine green angiography enables the visualization of choroid veins under the retinal pigment epithelium and choroidal blood flow. New insights into a precise structural and functional analysis of the choroid have been possible, thanks to recent progress in retinal imaging based on enhanced depth imaging (EDI) and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) technologies. Long-wavelength SS-OCT enables the choroid and the choroid-sclera interface to be imaged at greater depth and to quantify choroidal thickness profiles throughout a volume scan, thus exposing the morphology of intermediate and large choroidal vessels. Finally, OCT angiography allows a dye-free evaluation of the blood flow in the choriocapillaris and in the choroid. We hereby review different imaging findings of choroidal diseases that can be used as biomarkers of activity and response to the treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.